The role of microbiome in the pathogenesis of oral-gut-liver axis between periodontitis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Chen, Tsung-Po; Yu, Hui-Chieh; Lin, Wen‐Yuan; Chang, Yu‐Chao

doi:10.1016/j.jds.2023.03.012

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…NAFLD progression is affected by microbiota in various ways, including microbiota dysbiosis, microbial infection, microbial metabolites, and endotoxaemia (Aron‐Wisnewsky et al., 2020 ). Recently, the oral‐gut‐liver axis has gained attention for understanding the molecular mechanisms of liver diseases or intestinal diseases in periodontitis patients (Acharya et al., 2017 ; Chen et al., 2023 ; Wang et al., 2022 ). Periodontal pathogens affect systemic diseases, including NAFLD, and are more frequently found in liver biopsies from NAFLD patients than healthy individuals (Akinkugbe et al., 2017 ; Helenius‐Hietala et al., 2019 ; Komazaki et al., 2017 ; Yoneda et al., 2012 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular vesicles from periodontal pathogens regulate hepatic steatosis via Toll‐like receptor 2 and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1

Kim,

Lim,

Jang

et al. 2024

J of Extracellular Vesicle

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Plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by lipid accumulation in the liver. In this study, we showed that extracellular vesicles (EVs) from the periodontal pathogens Filifactor alocis and Porphyromonas gingivalis induced steatosis by inducing PAI‐1 in the liver and serum of mice fed a low‐fat diet. PAI‐1 induction was not observed in TLR2−/− mice. When tested using HEK‐Blue hTLR2 cells, human TLR2 reporter cells, the TLR2‐activating ability of serum from NAFLD patients (n = 100) was significantly higher than that of serum from healthy subjects (n = 100). Correlation analysis confirmed that PAI‐1 levels were positively correlated with the TLR2‐activating ability of serum from NAFLD patients and healthy subjects. Amphiphilic molecules in EVs were involved in PAI‐1 induction. Our data demonstrate that the TLR2/PAI‐1 axis is important for hepatic steatosis by EVs of periodontal pathogens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular vesicles from periodontal pathogens regulate hepatic steatosis via Toll‐like receptor 2 and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1

Kim,

Lim,

Jang

et al. 2024

J of Extracellular Vesicle

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“…We overcame some limitations found in similar studies, such as the impact of diet on the gut microenvironment, by selecting a population characterized by similar eating habits according to the food frequency questionnaire [29]. The subjects in our study were also screened for periodontal disease, so as to rule out the possible influence of oral dysbiosis on the gut microbial composition [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota Profile Changes in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Metagenomic Study

De Caro,

Spagnuolo,

Quirino

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Gut microbiota imbalances have a significant role in the pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Herein, we compared gut microbial composition in patients diagnosed with either IBD or NAFLD or a combination of both. Seventy-four participants were stratified into four groups: IBD-NAFLD, IBD-only, NAFLD-only patients, and healthy controls (CTRLs). The 16S rRNA was sequenced by Next-Generation Sequencing. Bioinformatics and statistical analysis were performed. Bacterial α-diversity showed a significant lower value when the IBD-only group was compared to the other groups and particularly against the IBD-NAFLD group. β-diversity also showed a significant difference among groups. The higher Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio was found only when comparing IBD groups and CTRLs. Comparing the IBD-only group with the IBD-NAFLD group, a decrease in differential abundance of Subdoligranulum, Parabacteroides, and Fusicatenibacter was found. Comparing the NAFLD-only with the IBD-NAFLD groups, there was a higher abundance of Alistipes, Odoribacter, Sutterella, and Lachnospira. An inverse relationship in the comparison between the IBD-only group and the other groups was shown. For the first time, the singularity of the gut microbial composition in IBD and NAFLD patients has been shown, implying a potential microbial signature mainly influenced by gut inflammation.

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“…MASLD is frequently linked to the disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier, which can lead to dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. This can trigger a cascade of immune reactions in the intestinal mucosa, ultimately leading to intestinal inflammation and the promotion of CRC ( 53 – 55 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and risk of colorectal cancer or colorectal adenoma: an updated meta-analysis of cohort studies

Zhao,

Zhou,

et al. 2024

Front. Oncol.

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Background and aimsIn recent years, the relationship between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) or colorectal adenoma (CRA) has gained widespread attention. Previous meta-analyses on this subject either incorporated numerous cross-sectional studies, which were susceptible to bias, or concentrated solely on a restricted number of cohort studies. Moreover, with the release of a substantial number of high-quality cohort studies on this subject in the past two years, the findings continue to be debated and contradictory. Therefore, we conducted an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies to quantitatively evaluate the magnitude of the association between them.MethodsComprehensive searches of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were conducted without language restrictions from the time of their creation up to December, 2023. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CIs) were calculated by the generic inverse variance based on the random-effects model. Moreover, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed.ResultsA total of 15 cohort studies were analyzed in this meta-analysis, which included 9,958,412 participants. The meta-analysis of 13 cohort studies showed that MASLD was linked to a higher risk of CRC (HR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.15-1.36, P < 0.00001). Additionally, further subgroup analysis indicated that the combined HR remained consistent regardless of the study location, nomenclature of fatty liver disease (FLD), confirmation methods for FLD, sample size, follow-up time, and study quality. Furthermore, the meta-analysis of four cohort studies demonstrated that MASLD was correlated with an increased risk of CRA (HR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.17-1.64, P = 0.0002). The sensitivity analysis results further validated the robustness of the aboved findings.ConclusionThe results of our meta-analysis indicated that MASLD was associated with an increased risk of incident CRC/CRA. In the future, it is necessary to conduct more prospective cohort studies to thoroughly assess potential confounding factors, particularly in individuals from Europe and North America. Furthermore, related mechanism studies should be conducted to enhance our understanding of the link between MASLD and CRC/CRA.Systematic review registrationOpen Science Framework registries (https://osf.io/m3p9k).

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The role of microbiome in the pathogenesis of oral-gut-liver axis between periodontitis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Extracellular vesicles from periodontal pathogens regulate hepatic steatosis via Toll‐like receptor 2 and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1

Extracellular vesicles from periodontal pathogens regulate hepatic steatosis via Toll‐like receptor 2 and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1

Gut Microbiota Profile Changes in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Metagenomic Study

Association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and risk of colorectal cancer or colorectal adenoma: an updated meta-analysis of cohort studies

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