The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Functional Improvement of Chronic Renal Failure

Abstract

The most commonly used therapeutic targets in nephrology are the reduction of injury, the delay of progression, or renal replacement therapy. Many animal and human studies demonstrated the role of stem cells in repair and regenerations of kidney. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown to improve outcome of acute renal injury models. It is controversial whether MSCs can reduce injury following a toxic/ischemic event and delay renal failure in chronic kidney disease. We evaluated the hypothesis that the treatment with MSCs could improve renal function and attenuate injury in chronic renal failure (CRF). Sprague-Dawley female rats (8 weeks old, 182.2 +/- 7.2 g) underwent modified 5/6 nephrectomy. Rats in the MSC group received an injection of MSCs (1 x 10(6) cells) via tail vein 1 day after nephrectomy. Blood and urine samples were collected after 7 days and every month thereafter. The kidneys of rats were removed for histologic evaluation after 24-h urine collection and blood sampling. The Y-chromosome stain using fluorescent in situ hybridization was performed to verify the presence of male MSCs in the kidney of female recipients. No significant differences in blood urea nitrogen and creatinine concentration were observed between the MSC group and the untreated CRF group. However, the weight gain in the MSC group was greater than those in the CRF group after 4 months. Proteinuria in the MSC group was less than that in the CRF group over time. Y chromosome was detected in the kidney of MSC group. Although no significances were observed between these two groups, the histologic analysis suggests that MSCs have positive effect against glomerulosclerosis. These results suggest that MSCs help preserve renal function and attenuate renal injury in CRF.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell treatment for autoimmune diseases: a critical review

“…In NZB/W F1 lupus mice treated with 1x10 6 human UC-MSCs via the tail vein, Chang and colleagues (Chang et al, 2011) found evidence of MSCs in kidney tissues at week 2 of infusion, but no long-term engraftment. Even if MSCs protect and improve recovery from several models of acute and chronic myocardial and renal injury (Humphreys and Bonventre, 2008;Choi et al, 2009), paracrine and endocrine eff ects seem most important, since conditioned medium from MSCs has been able to mimic the benefi cial eff ects of stem cell therapy (Bi et al, 2007).…”

How do Mesenchymal Stem Cells Repair?

“…Immunomodulation and paracrine action (32) Rat MSC, 1x10 5 cell/rat, e.v., 1 week after 5/6 nephrotomy MSC engraftment and paracrine action (33) Chronic Kidney Injury (unilateral ureteral obstruction)…”

Effect of mesenchymal stem cells on anti-Thy1,1 induced kidney injury in albino rats

“…The animals were selected randomly and kept in individual special plastic rodent cages in the laboratory under constant condition of temperature of 25 °C with a reverse natural dark-light cycle 12 [11] .…”

“…After 5 d, each animal was intravenously injected with MSCs extracted from male albino rats at a dose of 1伊10 6 cells per rat [12] .…”