The Role of Maternal Smoking in Sudden Fetal and Infant Death Pathogenesis

Bednarczuk, Nadja; Milner, Anthony; Greenough, Anne

doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.586068

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 94 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…15,19 Then, these abnormalities would make infants more vulnerable to sudden infant death syndrome. 15,19 Furthermore, parental smoking may also have indirect effects on children's health because household expenditures on tobacco products compete with spending on food, healthcare and other basic resources; these indirect effects may particularly be pronounced for children living in low socioeconomic status households. 20 The detrimental effect of smokeless tobacco use is also nonnegligible, since the epidemic of smokeless tobacco use has shown signs of ascent globally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Respiratory infections may be the main mechanism of SHS exposure resulting in child death, as lower respiratory infections remain the leading cause of under‐5 mortality in LMICs 18 . According to a latest review, nicotine combined with other noxious products from tobacco smoke can enter the fetal and infant circulation, which may affect multiple developing organs including the lungs, adrenal glands and the brain 19 . These products can cause abnormalities in brainstem nuclei, deficient development of the intermediolateral nucleus in the spinal cord, and abnormal maturation and transmitter levels in the carotid bodies 15,19 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to a latest review, nicotine combined with other noxious products from tobacco smoke can enter the fetal and infant circulation, which may affect multiple developing organs including the lungs, adrenal glands and the brain 19 . These products can cause abnormalities in brainstem nuclei, deficient development of the intermediolateral nucleus in the spinal cord, and abnormal maturation and transmitter levels in the carotid bodies 15,19 . Then, these abnormalities would make infants more vulnerable to sudden infant death syndrome 15,19 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Parental tobacco and indoor secondhand smoking exposure and the risk of offspring under‐five mortality in low‐ and middle‐income countries

Sun

2021

Indoor Air

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Children are vulnerable to exposure of secondhand smoking (SHS) which is a major preventable cause of disease and death. This study aimed to investigate the association between parental tobacco use or SHS exposure, respectively, and under‐five mortality. Data were obtained from the nationally representative and population‐based Demographic and Health Surveys in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) between 2000 and 2018. Cox proportional hazard regression models with complex survey design were conducted to examine the adjusted associations between parental smoking and SHS exposure and child under‐five mortality. In the pooled analysis of parental smoking, 437 322 children were included. Compared with children whose parents are not smoking, those whose father or both parents smoked any form of tobacco had higher risks of mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03–1.13; HR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.06–1.32, respectively). In addition, parental using smokeless tobacco, smoking tobacco, and using smokeless tobacco and smoking tobacco simultaneously was significantly associated with child under‐five mortality (HR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.01–1.12; HR = 1.12, 95%CI = 1.04–1.21; and HR = 1.17, 95%CI = 1.06–1.30, respectively). In the pooled analysis of SHS exposure, 605 442 children were included, and weekly and daily SHS exposure were significantly associated with child under‐five mortality (HR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.03–1.20, and HR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.06–1.15, respectively). The results were robust in most stratification analyses and sensitivity analyses. Parental tobacco use and indoor SHS exposure were associated with increased risk of under‐five mortality in LMICs. Comprehensive tobacco control programs should be considered by policymakers in LMICs to promote smoke‐free environments for children.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Parental tobacco and indoor secondhand smoking exposure and the risk of offspring under‐five mortality in low‐ and middle‐income countries

Sun

2021

Indoor Air

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Reducing (aOR 0.88, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.98) or quitting (aOR 0.77, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.87) significantly decreased risk [46]. The pathogenesis of SUID associated with smoking is probably mediated by a combination of abnormal infant response to hypoxia and hypercarbia, and nicotine‐induced abnormalities in brainstem nuclei crucial to respiratory control, including the intermediolateral nucleus of the spinal cord which initiates respiratory movements necessary for lung development [47].…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco use during pregnancy

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of tobacco during pregnancy is the leading preventable cause of pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes. In high‐income countries, around one in 10 pregnant women smokes tobacco, while smokeless tobacco is the primary form of tobacco used in many low‐ and middle‐income countries. Although the risk of tobacco‐related harms can be reduced substantially if mothers cease smoking in the first trimester of pregnancy, the proportion of women who successfully quit smoking during pregnancy remains modest. Psychosocial interventions are first‐line treatment, with some high‐quality evidence showing that counselling is effective in promoting smoking cessation among pregnant women. There is insufficient evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of smoking cessation pharmacotherapies when used during pregnancy, although in some countries nicotine replacement therapy is recommended for pregnant women who have been unable to quit without pharmacological assistance. E‐cigarettes are increasingly being used as a smoking cessation aid in the general population of smokers, but more research is needed to determine if e‐cigarettes are a safe and effective treatment option for pregnant women.

show abstract

“…This has been extensively studied in the context of perinatal exposure to nicotine, a competitive agonist of the nAChR. Infants and children born to mothers that smoked during and after pregnancy have abnormalities in hypoglossal motor neurons (XIIMNs), the neurons that innervate the tongue muscles, and increased incidence of obstructive apneas and other alterations to cardiorespiratory control that are considered potential mechanisms underlying sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS; Sawnani et al, 2004 ; Bednarczuk et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%