“…Is there a direct relationship between the components of WM and word problem solving when the mediating roles of reading, calculation, and fluid intelligence are included in the analysis? Although several studies have shown that reading, calculation,andfluidintelligence areassociatedwithwordproblem solving (e.g., Kyttälä & Björn, 2014;Swanson, Jerman, & Zheng, 2008;Vilenius-Tuohimaa, Aunola, & Nurmi, 2008;Zhengetal.,2011),this studywasmeanttodeterminewhether a direct relationship would emerge between WM and word problem solving when the mediating effects of reading, math, and fluid intelligence were taken into consideration. On the basisof studies thathadshown differentialcontributions ofthe WM components (i.e., central executive, phonological loop, and visual-spatial sketch pad) to word problem solving (e.g., Meyer, Salimpoor, Wu, Geary, & Menson, 2010;Swanson & Sachse-Lee, 2001;Zheng et al, 2011), we hypothesized that the phonological loop (the storage component) would have the strongest direct link to word problem solving.…”