The role of lipid metabolic reprogramming in tumor microenvironment

Abstract

Metabolic reprogramming is one of the most important hallmarks of malignant tumors. Specifically, lipid metabolic reprogramming has marked impacts on cancer progression and therapeutic response by remodeling the tumor microenvironment (TME). In the past few decades, immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape for advanced cancers. Lipid metabolic reprogramming plays pivotal role in regulating the immune microenvironment and response to cancer immunotherapy. Here, we systematically reviewed the characteristics, mechanism, and role of lipid metabolic reprogramming in tumor and immune cells in the TME, appraised the effects of various cell death modes (specifically ferroptosis) on lipid metabolism, and summarized the antitumor therapies targeting lipid metabolism. Overall, lipid metabolic reprogramming has profound effects on cancer immunotherapy by regulating the immune microenvironment; therefore, targeting lipid metabolic reprogramming may lead to the development of innovative clinical applications including sensitizing immunotherapy.

Spatial Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Landscapes of Oral Submucous Fibrosis‐Derived Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and its Tumor Microenvironment

“…[122][123][124] Lipid metabolism represents another critical pathway for tumor cells to acquire energy. [125] In OSF-derived OSCC, our observations indicate a preference for tumor cells to derive energy through the fatty acid 𝛽-oxidation pathway, aligning with findings reported in other tumors. [126,127] Amino acid metabolism is an important nitrogen metabolic pathway in the tumor microenvironment, and tumors often undergo amino acid metabolic reprogramming to meet the increased nitrogen metabolic demands.…”

“…[ 122 , 123 , 124 ] Lipid metabolism represents another critical pathway for tumor cells to acquire energy. [ 125 ] In OSF‐derived OSCC, our observations indicate a preference for tumor cells to derive energy through the fatty acid β ‐oxidation pathway, aligning with findings reported in other tumors. [ 126 , 127 ]…”

POEMS syndrome: A retrospective study of clinical characteristics - 11 patients single center experience

“…In this study, 45.5% of patients had reduced TC. Some scholars believe that dysfunctional lipid metabolism is one of the most prominent metabolic changes in many malignancies [18,19]. Dyslipidemia of POEMS suggests differences in lipid metabolism between patients and healthy controls.…”

Sodium Citrate Nanoparticles Induce Dual-Path Pyroptosis for Enhanced Antitumor Immunotherapy through Synergistic Ion Overload and Metabolic Disturbance

“…Consequently, immune cell function can be hampered by factors such as hypoxia, low pH, inhibitory metabolites, and reduced nutrient utilization in the TME . As a result, reversing cell metabolic reprogramming can assist in overcoming immune evasion and immunosuppression . Therefore, targeting tumor metabolism may provide a promising therapeutic strategy for tumor immunotherapy …”

“…10 As a result, reversing cell metabolic reprogramming can assist in overcoming immune evasion and immunosuppression. 11 Therefore, targeting tumor metabolism may provide a promising therapeutic strategy for tumor immunotherapy. 12 Citrate, a crucial metabolite in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, plays a pivotal role in cancer cell metabolism.…”