The role of leptin as a biomarker in the relationship between periodontitis and chronic migraine

Leira, Yago; Ameijeira, Pablo; Domínguez, Carlos; Leira, Rogelio; Blanco, Juan

doi:10.1111/jcpe.12819

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In particular, we recently found that patients with PD had 2.4-fold-increased risk for having CM [14]. In the present analysis we confirmed findings previously observed [14][15][16], in which PD is common in patients with CM (55 individuals diagnosed with PD, 58.5% of the whole sample). It has been hypothe-sized that during periodontal inflammation, pro-inflammatory mediators that are produced locally within the gingiva are disseminated systemically due to endotoxemia and, therefore, could be involved in migraine chronification by increasing neurogenic inflammation [25].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Severe periodontitis is linked with increased peripheral levels of sTWEAK and PTX3 in chronic migraineurs

et al. 2019

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Objectives: Periodontitis (PD) and chronic migraine (CM) have been recently linked, and inflammatory processes and vascular endothelial changes are hypothesized as potential mediators of this relationship. The aim of this cross-sectional analysis was to investigate the potential association of PD with vascular systemic inflammation and complement activation in patients with CM. Materials and methods: Ninety-four chronic migraineurs underwent a full-mouth periodontal evaluation and a measure of PD activity and severity, namely the periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) was calculated for each patient. We divided CM patients according to their periodontal status: mild PD (N = 14), moderate PD (N = 22), severe PD (N = 19), and non-PD (N = 39). Serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), pentraxin 3 (PTX3), soluble tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK), and complements C3 and C4 were measured outside of migraine attacks. Results: We found that severe periodontal patients had significantly higher circulating levels of PTX3 and sTWEAK compared with those without PD (2475.3 ± 1646.8 pg/mL vs. 516.6 ± 1193.8 pg/mL, P < 0.0001 and 672.4 ± 118.2 pg/mL vs. 485.7 ± 112.2 pg/mL, P < 0.0001; respectively). For the remaining biomarkers, no significant differences were found between groups. Severe PD was independently associated with higher levels of

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Recently, our group showed that patients with PD were more likely to have CM than those without PD [14]. We also reported that in CM patients, PD was associated with increased circulating levels of inflammatory markers such as leptin and procalcitonin [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Severe periodontitis is linked with increased peripheral levels of sTWEAK and PTX3 in chronic migraineurs

et al. 2019

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“…In fact, the periodontal ulcerated and inflamed epithelium was 4.3 cm 2 in the chronic migraine group versus 0.4 cm 2 in the control group. Based on this, it is speculated that the biological plausibility behind the potential association between periodontitis and chronic migraine is mainly due to the transient entrance of inflammatory mediators into the bloodstream such as leptin or procalcitonin that could travel to cerebral blood vessels exacerbating migraine attacks, which in turn could lead to the chronification process of the disease. In the present study we observed that chronic migraineurs with periodontitis had significantly higher serum levels of IL‐6 compared with those without periodontitis and that there was a linear positive correlation between PISA and IL‐6, thus, confirming again the link between periodontitis, systemic inflammation, and chronic migraine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case‐control study, patients with periodontitis were more likely to have chronic migraine than those without periodontitis (odds ratio [OR] = 2.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.2 to 4.7) . In addition, few mechanistic reports suggested that periodontitis could increase circulating levels of proinflammatory markers such as leptin or procalcitonin in chronic migraine patients, hence, hypothesizing a possible role of periodontitis as a chronifying factor of migraine . Nevertheless, studies measuring the key neuropeptide CGRP to evaluate the impact of periodontitis on chronic migraine are still missing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Periodontal inflammation is related to increased serum calcitonin gene‐related peptide levels in patients with chronic migraine

Leira

Ameijeira

Domínguez

et al. 2019

Journal of Periodontology

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Background Recently, a relationship was found between periodontitis and chronic migraine. Calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) is a key element in migraine pathophysiology. However, no information exists of the potential association between periodontal inflammation and CGRP in chronic migraine. The aim of the study was, therefore, to investigate whether there is a link between periodontitis and peripheral levels of CGRP in a cohort of patients with chronic migraine. Methods We included 102 chronic migraineurs and 77 age‐ and sex‐matched individuals free of headache/migraine. Full‐mouth periodontal parameters were recorded and the periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) was calculated to quantify the periodontal inflammatory status for each participant. Sociodemographic data and comorbidities were assessed by means of a standard questionnaire. We collected blood samples and serum concentrations were done for CGRP, interleukin (IL)‐6 and IL‐10. Results In the chronic migraine group, patients with periodontitis had greater levels of serum CGRP (19.7 ± 6.5 versus 15.3 ± 6.2 pg/mL, P < 0.0001) and IL‐6 (15.1 ± 9.2 versus 9.6 ± 6.3 pg/mL, P < 0.0001) while non‐significant differences were observed with IL‐10 (2.0 ± 1.0 versus 2.8 ± 1.5 pg/mL, P = 0.675) concentrations than those without periodontitis. PISA was independently associated with CGRP in patients with chronic migraine (β = 0.003; 95% confidence interval: 0.001 to 0.006, P = 0.031). PISA correlated positively with CGRP (r = 0.236; P = 0.017) and IL‐6 (r = 0.262; P = 0.008) in chronic migraine. Conclusions Periodontal inflammation is associated with increased circulating levels of CGRP in chronic migraineurs. Elucidating the exact mechanisms through which periodontitis and CGRP are linked in these patients deserves further investigation.

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“…and P.A.). Both examiners were previously calibrated using 10 non‐study patients suffering from moderate or severe CP, and intraclass correlation coefficients for intra‐ and inter‐examiner reliability were calculated (>0.80) …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High serum procalcitonin levels in patients with periodontitis and chronic migraine

Leira

Ameijeira

Domínguez

et al. 2018

Journal of Periodontology

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The role of leptin as a biomarker in the relationship between periodontitis and chronic migraine

Abstract: CP is prevalent in CM patients and when present it contributes to elevated serum leptin levels, independently of other confounding factors. Therefore, it seems that CP via leptin could be involved in the process of migraine chronification.

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Severe periodontitis is linked with increased peripheral levels of sTWEAK and PTX3 in chronic migraineurs

Severe periodontitis is linked with increased peripheral levels of sTWEAK and PTX3 in chronic migraineurs

Periodontal inflammation is related to increased serum calcitonin gene‐related peptide levels in patients with chronic migraine

High serum procalcitonin levels in patients with periodontitis and chronic migraine

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