The Role of Landowners in Jaguar Conservation in Sonora, Mexico

Rosas-Rosas, Octavio C.; Valdez, Raúl

doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01441.x

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…White-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus Zimmermann, 1780) and collared peccary have been described as the main prey species for pumas and jaguars in areas where they coexist (Oliveira, 2002; Cascelli de Azevedo, 2008). We also included calves as a potential prey for both species (Brown & López-González, 2001; Rosas-Rosas & Valdez, 2010). Felids prefer calves to adult cows (Shaw, 1977; Tortato et al, 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Iriarte et al, 1990). Cattle ( Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758), especially calves, have also been documented as important prey for both species (Cascelli de Azevedo & Murray, 2007; Rosas-Rosas & Valdez, 2010), leading to conflicts with humans (Cascelli de Azevedo, 2008). Calves are especially vulnerable because they lack natural defensive behaviors, usually roam freely, and represent an easier prey for predators compared with natural prey (Sunquist & Sunquist, 2002; Cascelli de Azevedo & Murray, 2007; Cascelli de Azevedo, 2008; Laundré & Hernández, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Jaguar interactions with pumas and prey at the northern edge of jaguars’ range

Gutiérrez-González

López‐González

2017

PeerJ

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We present the first study that evaluates jaguar-puma interactions in the arid lands of northern Mexico, where jaguars have their northernmost breeding population and both predators are persecuted for livestock depredation. We tested whether jaguars are the dominant species in this unique ecosystem, where: (1) pumas outnumber jaguars, (2) pumas are better adapted to arid environments, and (3) jaguars and pumas are of similar size. We analyzed four years of data with two approaches; a two species conditional occupancy model and an activity patterns analysis. We used camera location and prey presence as covariates for jaguar and puma detection and presence probabilities. We also explored overlap in activities of predators and prey. Where both species were detected, peccary presence was positively correlated with both jaguar and puma presence, whereas in areas where jaguars were detected but pumas were not, deer presence explained the probability of jaguar presence. We found that both predators were more likely to co-occur together than to be found independently, and so we rejected the hypothesis that jaguars were the dominant species in our study area. Predators were mainly nocturnal and their activity patterns overlapped by 60%. Jaguar, as compared with puma, overlapped more with deer and calves; puma overlapped with calves more than with other prey, suggesting a preference. We believe exploring predator relationships at different scales may help elucidate mechanisms that regulate their coexistence.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jaguar interactions with pumas and prey at the northern edge of jaguars’ range

Gutiérrez-González

López‐González

2017

PeerJ

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“…Currently, the species is listed as threatened with extinction throughout its range µAppendix I, CITES], which is now believed to extend from central Mexico through northern Argentina µSwank and Teer, ]. Fragmentation of natural habitats by deforestation and poaching of jaguars are the biggest challenges to the long‐term survival of these cats in the wild µSwank and Teer, ; Haag et al, ; Rosas‐Rosas and Valdez, ]. Unfortunately, jaguars continue to be poached for reasons that range from sport to retaliation for livestock losses µSwank and Teer, ; Rosas‐Rosas and Valdez, ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive monitoring of adrenocortical function in captive jaguars (Panthera onca)

Conforti

Morato

Augusto³

et al. 2011

Zoo Biology

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Jaguars are threatened with extinction throughout their range. A sustainable captive population can serve as a hedge against extinction, but only if they are healthy and reproduce. Understanding how jaguars respond to stressors may help improve the captive environment and enhance their wellbeing. Thus, our objectives were to: (1) conduct an adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) challenge to validate a cortisol radioimmunoassay (RIA) for noninvasive monitoring of adrenocortical function in jaguars; (2) investigate the relationship between fecal corticoid (FCM) and androgen metabolite (FAM) concentrations in males during the ACTH challenge; and (3) establish a range of physiological concentrations of FCMs for the proposed protocol. Seven jaguars (3 M, 4 F) received 500 IU/animal of ACTH. Pre- and post-ACTH fecal samples were assayed for corticoid (M and F) and androgen metabolites (M) by RIA. Concentrations of FCMs increased (P80.01) after ACTH injection (pre-ACTH: 0.90 ± 0.12 µg/g dry feces; post-ACTH: 2.55 ± 0.25 µg/g). Considering pre- and post-ACTH samples, FCM concentrations were higher (P80.01) in males (2.15 ± 0.20 µg/g) than in females (1.30 ± 0.20 µg/g), but the magnitude of the response to ACTH was comparable (P>0.05) between genders. After ACTH injection, FAMs increased in two (of 3) males; in one male, FCMs and FAMs were positively correlated (0.60; P80.01). Excretion of FCMs was assessed in 16 jaguars (7 M, 9 F) and found to be highly variable (range, 80.11-1.56 µg/g). In conclusion, this study presents a cortisol RIA for monitoring adrenocortical function in jaguars noninvasively.

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“…A similar approach was proposed for losses of livestock to predation by leopards in Namibia (Stein et al. ), and this strategy has been key to the conservation of jaguar ( Panthera onca palustris ) in human‐dominated landscapes in Mexico (Rosas‐Rosas & Valdez ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Costs and Benefits of the Presence of Leopards to the Sport‐Hunting Industry and Local Communities in Niassa National Reserve, Mozambique

Jorge

Vanak

Thaker

et al. 2013

Conservation Biology

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Sport hunting is often proposed as a tool to support the conservation of large carnivores. However, it is challenging to provide tangible economic benefits from this activity as an incentive for local people to conserve carnivores. We assessed economic gains from sport hunting and poaching of leopards (Panthera pardus), costs of leopard depredation of livestock, and attitudes of people toward leopards in Niassa National Reserve, Mozambique. We sent questionnaires to hunting concessionaires (n = 8) to investigate the economic value of and the relative importance of leopards relative to other key trophy-hunted species. We asked villagers (n = 158) the number of and prices for leopards poached in the reserve and the number of goats depredated by leopard. Leopards were the mainstay of the hunting industry; a single animal was worth approximately U.S.$24,000. Most safari revenues are retained at national and international levels, but poached leopard are illegally traded locally for small amounts ($83). Leopards depredated 11 goats over 2 years in 2 of 4 surveyed villages resulting in losses of $440 to 6 households. People in these households had negative attitudes toward leopards. Although leopard sport hunting generates larger gross revenues than poaching, illegal hunting provides higher economic benefits for households involved in the activity. Sport-hunting revenues did not compensate for the economic losses of livestock at the household level. On the basis of our results, we propose that poaching be reduced by increasing the costs of apprehension and that the economic benefits from leopard sport hunting be used to improve community livelihoods and provide incentives not to poach.

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The Role of Landowners in Jaguar Conservation in Sonora, Mexico

Cited by 25 publications

References 8 publications

Jaguar interactions with pumas and prey at the northern edge of jaguars’ range

Jaguar interactions with pumas and prey at the northern edge of jaguars’ range

Noninvasive monitoring of adrenocortical function in captive jaguars (Panthera onca)

Costs and Benefits of the Presence of Leopards to the Sport‐Hunting Industry and Local Communities in Niassa National Reserve, Mozambique

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