The role of knowing someone living with HIV/AIDS and HIV disclosure in the HIV stigma framework: a Bayesian mediation analysis

Prati, Gabriele; Zani, Bruna; Scudiero, Diego; Perone, Patrizia; Cosmaro, Lella; Cerioli, Alessandra; Oldrini, Massimo

doi:10.1007/s11135-015-0168-2

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Participants were informed that their participation was voluntary with no incentive other than personal knowledge and contributing to general knowledge. Further details on participant recruitment have been previously published [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PEP and TasP Awareness among Italian MSM, PLWHA, and High-Risk Heterosexuals and Demographic, Behavioral, and Social Correlates

Prati

Zani

Scudiero³

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) has been proposed as a strategy to prevent the acquisition of HIV infection after certain high-risk exposures, and treatment as prevention (TasP) is also being advocated as a means to reduce sexual transmission of HIV. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of PEP and TasP awareness and their demographic, behavioral, and social correlates in Italy. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1,028 high-risk heterosexual men and women, 1,874 non-HIV positive MSM (men who have sex with men), and 694 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The majority of the participants was aware of PEP and unaware of TasP. MSM were less knowledgeable about PEP and TasP than were PLWHA and more knowledgeable about PEP and TasP than were high-risk heterosexual participants. The variables most consistently associated with PEP and TasP awareness were contact with HIV/AIDS organizations, HIV testing, and HIV stigma. A positive relationship between unprotected sexual intercourse and PEP and TasP awareness was found among high risk heterosexual participants, while this association was not significant among MSM and PLWHA. Because PEP and TasP are currently recommended, effective educational and dissemination strategies are needed to increase the level of knowledge about PEP and TasP.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PEP and TasP Awareness among Italian MSM, PLWHA, and High-Risk Heterosexuals and Demographic, Behavioral, and Social Correlates

Prati

Zani

Scudiero³

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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“…Isolated parts of the framework have been further explored [ 6 , 17 – 22 ]. Anticipated stigma has been shown to be related to physical health in the form of more HIV symptoms among people living with HIV in the US, and social support has been found to buffer this relationship [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the relationship between internalized stigma and behavioral health (low antiretroviral adherence) has been shown to be mediated by social support and depressive symptoms [ 21 ]. Internalized stigma has also been found to be related to engagement in care (mediated by HIV disclosure) and to higher virus levels for persons living with HIV in Italy [ 22 ]. The HIV stigma framework has also been expanded into a model where enacted and internalized stigma is related to perceived community stigma [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Deacon [ 7 ] theories should constantly be reassessed in relation to empirical evidence. Since isolated parts of the framework have only been tested in a limited amount of studies [ 6 , 17 – 22 ] and the entire original framework has only been tested once, and then only in a US context with a high rate of persons with HIV symptoms [ 13 ] (indicating suboptimal access to efficient treatment), we conclude that there is a lack of knowledge regarding the validity of the framework for different populations as well as in contexts with high access to contemporary antiretroviral treatment. Furthermore, since the stigma mechanisms are correlated [ 13 ], we argue that it is of significance to test all hypothesized relationships in the framework simultaneously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationship Between Stigma and Health-Related Quality of Life in People Living with HIV Who Have Full Access to Antiretroviral Treatment: An Assessment of Earnshaw and Chaudoir’s HIV Stigma Framework Using Empirical Data

et al. 2018

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The aim was to empirically test the tenets of Earnshaw and Chaudoir’s HIV stigma framework and its potential covariates for persons living with HIV in Sweden. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was used on survey data from 173 persons living with HIV in Sweden. Experiencing stigma was reported to a higher extent by younger persons and by women who had migrated to Sweden. As expected, anticipated stigma was related to lower Physical functioning, and internalized stigma to lower Emotional wellbeing. In contrast to that hypothesized by the HIV stigma framework, enacted stigma was not related to Physical functioning and no relationships were found between HIV-related stigma and antiretroviral adherence. These results indicate that the HIV stigma framework may need to be revised for contexts where a very high proportion of persons living with HIV are diagnosed and under efficient treatment.

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“…However, some participants recounted that immediate family members who had stigmatizing attitudes or had discriminatory reactions improved over time, typically through becoming more educated about managing HIV. This may reflect the intergroup contact theory, which suggests an inverse correlation between personal contact or having a personal relationship with a PLWHA and holding stigmatizing views of HIV (Herek & McLemore, 2013;Prati et al, 2016;Yiu, Mak, Ho, & Chui, 2010). Furthermore, the emotional closeness and attachments inherent (or formed long before disclosure) within family relationships may serve to bolster the reconciliation of stigmatizing attitudes and beliefs (Herek & McLemore, 2013;Ross et al, 2011;Reich et al, 2010;Rosland & Piette, 2010;Uchino, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

HIV/AIDS‐related stigma, immediate families, and proactive coping processes among a clinical sample of people living with HIV/AIDS in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Meanley

Yehia

Hines

et al. 2019

Journal Community Psychology

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People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) engage in proactive coping behaviors to minimize the risk of interpersonal stigma. This study explores proactive coping processes in navigating HIV/AIDS‐related stigma within immediate families. Data for this study come from 19 one‐on‐one, qualitative interviews with a diverse, clinical sample of PLWHA in Philadelphia, PA. Thematic analysis indicated that participants continue to experience enacted, anticipated, and internalized forms of HIV/AIDS‐related stigma. Participants discussed status concealment and selective disclosure as proactive coping resulting from anticipated stigma and physical distancing as proactive coping motivated by internalized HIV/AIDS‐related stigma. Study findings demonstrate how living with a stigmatized condition can affect PLWHA social interactions with close networks like immediate families, specifically in eliciting stigma‐avoidant behaviors. Anti‐stigma efforts that educate immediate families to overcome stigmatizing attitudes and provide HIV‐positive family members with high‐quality social support should be coupled with efforts that target health‐promotive self‐management strategies for PLWHA.

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The role of knowing someone living with HIV/AIDS and HIV disclosure in the HIV stigma framework: a Bayesian mediation analysis

Cited by 18 publications

References 38 publications

PEP and TasP Awareness among Italian MSM, PLWHA, and High-Risk Heterosexuals and Demographic, Behavioral, and Social Correlates

PEP and TasP Awareness among Italian MSM, PLWHA, and High-Risk Heterosexuals and Demographic, Behavioral, and Social Correlates

The Relationship Between Stigma and Health-Related Quality of Life in People Living with HIV Who Have Full Access to Antiretroviral Treatment: An Assessment of Earnshaw and Chaudoir’s HIV Stigma Framework Using Empirical Data

HIV/AIDS‐related stigma, immediate families, and proactive coping processes among a clinical sample of people living with HIV/AIDS in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

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