The role of kairomones and other behavioral chemicals in host finding by parasitic insects

Lewis, W. J.; Jones, Richard L.; Gross, H. R.; Nordlund, Donald A.

doi:10.1016/s0091-6773(76)91408-5

Cited by 95 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…One can suggest that the hydrocarbon compounds are decomposition products of the waxy droplets and fatty acids which are present in the cuticle or haemolymph. A similar suggestion was drawn by LEWIS et al (1976), who stated that these hydrocarbon compounds could be released from the degenerated fat cells. Therefore, the cornicle secretion contains the hydrocarbon compounds not in a pure form but mixed with other substances.…”

Section: On the Existence Of Cosane Compounds In Aphid-colonysupporting

confidence: 71%

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Biological and chemical characterization of a kairomone excreted by the bean aphids, Aphis fabae Scop. (Hom., Aphididae) and its effect on the predator Metasyrphus corollae Fabr. I. Isolation, identification and bioassay of aphid‐kairomone

Shonouda

Bombosch

Shalaby

et al. 1998

J Applied Entomology

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The results obtained are summarized as follows: (1) the active compounds of aphid's odour stimulated the syrphid females to deposit significantly higher percentages of eggs. These chemical compounds could be isolated by the solvent n-pentane. (2) Gas chromatography mass spectral analysis of n-pentane fractions of aphid's odour revealed the presence of several active peaks of hydrocarbon compounds. The active peaks ranged from docosane (Cz2) to octacosane (Cz8). Also, GC-mass spectral analysis of n-pentane fractions of the aphid-extract supernatant showed the same chain of hydrocarbon compounds which is present in the aphid odour.(3) Bioassay of the different cosane compounds showed that the different concentrations of tricosane, tetracosane, pentacosane and hexacosane have a kairomonal effect on the syrphid females and the second concentration of C23CII, C24CI1, C25CII and c 2 6 c I I stimulated the syrphid females to deposit a significantly higher percentage of eggs. While hexacosane (C2J was the most abundant hydrocarbon compound in aphid kairomone, tricosane (C2J was the most active hydrocarbon compound. (4) Bioassay of the different mixtures of cosane compounds showed that HCMI, HCM,, HCM,, HCM4, HCM5 and HCM, have a kairomonal effect on the syrphid females. The highest percentage of eggs was laid under the effect of the fourth mixture (HCM4) which contains tricosane (C,,), tetracosane (C24), pentacosane (C25), hexacosane (c26) and octacosane (C2*). (5) The chain of non-volatile hydrocarbon compounds of aphid-kairomone is secreted along with the cornicle secretion which contains volatile compounds. This kairomone stimulate the oviposition of syrphid females when it is received mechanically by the antennae. (6) The present study showed the importance of the different mixtures of cosane compounds as aphidkairomone. The use of aphid-kairomone could be promising in aphid biological control instead of the heavy use of insecticides.

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Section: On the Existence Of Cosane Compounds In Aphid-colonysupporting

confidence: 71%

“…JONES et al (1971) and LEWIS et al (1976) suggested that the active components in the hexane extract from frass or faeces of the host Heliothis zea were a mixture of 7-, 9-, 1 1-, 13-and 15-methylhentriacontanes. The most abundant and the most active components was the 13-methylhentriacontane.…”

Section: Bioassay Of the Individual And Mixtures Of Cosane Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological and chemical characterization of a kairomone excreted by the bean aphids, Aphis fabae Scop. (Hom., Aphididae) and its effect on the predator Metasyrphus corollae Fabr. I. Isolation, identification and bioassay of aphid‐kairomone

Shonouda

Bombosch

Shalaby

et al. 1998

J Applied Entomology

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“…Frass was believed to over-ride the escape tendency of parasitoids (Lewis et al, 1976). The compound, 13-methylhentriacontane, in larval frass ofH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Microplitis croceipes to host and nonhost plants of Heliothis virescens in a wind tunnel

Navasero¹,

Elzen²

1989

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The relative attractiveness of velvet leaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medicus), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) (host plants) and groundcherry (Physalis angulata L.) (nonhost plant), and cotton plants with or without nectaries and with or without glands to Microplitis croceipes Cresson (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) was determined in a wind tunnel. Female parasitoids flew significantly more to glandless than to glanded cotton; response to nectaried and nectariless cotton was similar. Velvet leaf and cotton were favored significantly over groundcherry; parasitoids being equally responsive to both host plant species. Addition of larval frass alone or in combination with host larvae significantly improved the attractivity of the nonhost plant (groundcherry) to the parasitoids. There was no difference in attractiveness of groundcherry terminals with or without host larvae. Parasitoid search time was significantly increased with addition of larval frass. In the presence of cotton, however, kairomone-treated groundcherry remained unattractive.

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“…Host location behavior of insect parasitoids has been studied extensively and reviewed repeatedly (68,87,154,(162)(163)(164). Both hymenopteran and dipteran parasitoids use an astonishing assortment of environmental cues to locate hosts.…”

Section: Host Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diptera as Parasitoids

Feener

Brown

1997

Annu. Rev. Entomol.

233

204

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Parasitoids in the insect order Diptera include an estimated 16,000 species, or approximately 20% of the total number of species with this life-style. Parasitoids in this order are exceedingly diverse in both their habits and evolutionary origins, which makes them an underutilized but highly suitable group for quantitative studies of character convergence and adaptive radiation. This review focuses on several aspects of the bionomics of dipteran parasitoids that have received little comprehensive treatment, including processes associated with host location and attack, patterns of host use, and the evolutionary and ecological consequences of host-parasitoid interactions. Throughout the review we contrast the patterns found within the parasitic Diptera against those found in the better studied parasitic Hymenoptera. We conclude that more intensive study of dipteran parasitoids is required before we can understand the general conditions that favor the evolution of insect parasitoids and the truly magnifying themes of their behavior and ecology.

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The role of kairomones and other behavioral chemicals in host finding by parasitic insects

Cited by 95 publications

References 44 publications

Biological and chemical characterization of a kairomone excreted by the bean aphids, Aphis fabae Scop. (Hom., Aphididae) and its effect on the predator Metasyrphus corollae Fabr. I. Isolation, identification and bioassay of aphid‐kairomone

Biological and chemical characterization of a kairomone excreted by the bean aphids, Aphis fabae Scop. (Hom., Aphididae) and its effect on the predator Metasyrphus corollae Fabr. I. Isolation, identification and bioassay of aphid‐kairomone

Responses of Microplitis croceipes to host and nonhost plants of Heliothis virescens in a wind tunnel

Diptera as Parasitoids

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