The Role of Intestinal Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer

Ren, Lingli; Ye, Juan; Zhao, Bing; Sun, Jinbing; Cao, Peng; Yang, Yang

doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.674807

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Numerous studies have shown that intestinal microbes are closely related to the development of intestinal diseases, and some of them have been found to be involved in the deterioration of colorectal cancer (CRC), such as Fusobacteriumnuleatum , Escherichia coli , Bacteroides fragilis , campylobacter jejuni , etc. [ 3 ]. Other bacteria can delay the development of CRC by regulating immune response, improving intestinal barrier function and inhibiting cell proliferation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Vegetable Powders Modulate Immune Homeostasis and Intestinal Microbiota in Mice

Zou

Zhang

et al. 2021

Foods

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As the largest immune organ of the human body, the intestine also plays a vital role in nutrient digestion and absorption. Some vegetables are considered to have improvement effects on the intestine. This experiment explored the effects of freeze-dried asparagus, broccoli and cabbage powder on the intestinal immune homeostasis and microflora of mice. Thirty-two mice were divided into four groups (n = 8), including control group (fed normal diet), asparagus group (fed normal diet with 5% asparagus power), broccoli group (fed normal diet with 5% broccoli power) and cabbage group (fed normal diet with 5% cabbage power). The experiment lasted 21 days. The results showed that the serum immunoglobulin concentration (IgA and IgM) and intestinal cytokine content (like IFN-γ and TNF-α) were increased after vegetable powder supplement. The experiment also detected that vegetable powder supplementation changed intestinal flora and their metabolites (short-chain fatty acid), which showed that the abundance of Lachnospiraceae and Bacteroides were decreased, while the abundance of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus as well as propionic acid and butyric acid contents were increased. Together, these vegetable powders, especially cabbage, changed the intestinal immune response and microbial activity of mice.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Vegetable Powders Modulate Immune Homeostasis and Intestinal Microbiota in Mice

Zou

Zhang

et al. 2021

Foods

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“…There is great potential for tumorigenetic pathway modulation by probiotics, such as L. acidophilus and L. plantarum [8]. Synbiotics are reportedly more efficient than probiotics in reducing epithelial proliferation and the increased efficacy of interventions seems to be linked to host microbial profile, which is less altered in early carcinogenesis [58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the proinflammatory state associates with a reduction of beneficial bacteria from genera such as Ruminococcus, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Clostridiales [7]. Several studies reported several main species constituting the bacterial signature of CRC patients including Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli, Bacteroides fragilis, and Entreococcus faecalis [8,9]. Other certain strains are also associated with specific points in the progression towards CRC, for example, Oscillospira (Ruminococcaceae), is depleted in the transition from adenoma to stage 0 CRC, whereas Haemophilus is depleted later, towards early-stage CRC [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome modulation in the prevention and management of colorectal cancer: a systematic review of clinical interventions

Fratila

Ismaiel

Dumitraşcu

2022

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

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Introduction. The role of probiotics/prebiotics in modulating the procarcinogenic effects of microbiota have been studied with inconclusive results. This systematic review aimed to identify the role of several studied interventions on the gut microbiota modulation in humans for the prevention and management of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods. We conducted a systematic search using PubMed and Cochrane Central electronic databases, identifying clinical studies published within the last 20 years. We performed a qualitative analysis of eligible studies included in our review on each of the 4 investigated topics: CRC potential biomarkers, dietary interventions, probiotic administration in non-surgical and surgical patients, respectively. Results. A total of 54 studies involving healthy volunteers, in addition to colorectal adenoma and CRC patients were included in our qualitative synthesis. We were able to identify bacterial signatures of CRC including Fusobacterium nucleatum and Clostridium butyricum. Moreover, dietary supplementation with oligosaccharides or fibers increased short chain fatty acid-producing bacteria levels, thus inhibiting tumorigenesis. Furthermore, we have confirmed that Lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium intake modulates gut microbiota towards tumor suppression. We have also showed that probiotic intake around colectomy significantly reduces complications. Conclusions. Bacterial metabolism is strongly linked with colonic carcinogenesis and influenced by diet. Probiotics and prebiotics can act as microbiota modulators, suppressing epithelial proliferation and reversing DNA toxicity. As adjuvants to surgery or chemotherapy, Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria decrease complications. Improved outcomes in CRC patients can possibly be achieved through future research directed towards the benefits of bacterial agents as tumor suppressors or as treatment of oncological therapy resistance.

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“…Although, interestingly in adults infected with CAP species E. faecium was reported as decreased abundance compared to healthy controls [30]. Not all Enterococcus species are pathobionts, but Enterococcal blooms have been reported in gastric and colorectal cancers [68]. Enterococci are clinically important as many strains have a high level of natural antibiotic resistance [29].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory tract infections and gut microbiome modifications: A systematic review

2022

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Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are extremely common and can cause gastrointestinal tract symptoms and changes to the gut microbiota, yet these effects are poorly understood. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the reported evidence of gut microbiome alterations in patients with a RTI compared to healthy controls (PROSPERO: CRD42019138853). We systematically searched Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane and the Clinical Trial Database for studies published between January 2015 and June 2021. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were human cohorts describing the gut microbiome in patients with an RTI compared to healthy controls and the infection was caused by a viral or bacterial pathogen. Dual data screening and extraction with narrative synthesis was performed. We identified 1,593 articles and assessed 11 full texts for inclusion. Included studies (some nested) reported gut microbiome changes in the context of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (n = 5), influenza (H1N1 and H7N9) (n = 2), Tuberculosis (TB) (n = 4), Community-Acquired Pneumonia CAP (n = 2) and recurrent RTIs (rRTI) (n = 1) infections. We found studies of patients with an RTI compared to controls reported a decrease in gut microbiome diversity (Shannon) of 1.45 units (95% CI, 0.15–2.50 [p, <0.0001]) and a lower abundance of taxa (p, 0.0086). Meta-analysis of the Shannon value showed considerable heterogeneity between studies (I2, 94.42). Unbiased analysis displayed as a funnel plot revealed a depletion of Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae and Ruminococcus and enrichment of Enterococcus. There was an important absence in the lack of cohort studies reporting gut microbiome changes and high heterogeneity between studies may be explained by variations in microbiome methods and confounder effects. Further human cohort studies are needed to understand RTI-induced gut microbiome changes to better understand interplay between microbes and respiratory health.

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The Role of Intestinal Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer

Cited by 23 publications

References 69 publications

Dietary Vegetable Powders Modulate Immune Homeostasis and Intestinal Microbiota in Mice

Dietary Vegetable Powders Modulate Immune Homeostasis and Intestinal Microbiota in Mice

Microbiome modulation in the prevention and management of colorectal cancer: a systematic review of clinical interventions

Respiratory tract infections and gut microbiome modifications: A systematic review

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