The role of interoception in the overlap between eating disorders and autism: Methodological considerations

Adams, Kiera Louise; Murphy, Jennifer; Catmur, Caroline; Bird, Geoffrey

doi:10.1002/erv.2905

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…Themes were identified across both groups focusing on the interpretation of internal body cues, particularly salient cues of hunger and fullness, in line with recent studies exploring interoception as a possible mechanism in disentangling autism and AN [ 55 ]. The unique qualitative approach of the current study allows us to add novel insights to autistic and non-autistic experiences of detecting or identifying hunger and fullness.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“It’s not about wanting to be thin or look small, it’s about the way it feels”: an IPA analysis of social and sensory differences in autistic and non-autistic individuals with anorexia and their parents

et al. 2023

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Background Despite increasing evidence to support an overlap between autism and anorexia nervosa (AN), underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Social and sensory factors have emerged as promising targets in both autism and AN, however there remains scope to compare these differences across autistic and non-autistic experiences of AN. Drawing on dyadic multi-perspectives, this study explored experiences of social and sensory differences in autistic and non-autistic adults and their parents and/or carers. Methods Using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), dyadic interviews were conducted with 14 dyads, with seven autistic dyads and seven non-autistic dyads. Data analysis was subjected to a triangulation of interpretations: (1) the participants themselves; (2) a neurotypical researcher; (3) and an Autistic researcher with lived/living experience of AN. Results IPA identified three themes in each group, with similarities and differences between autistic and non-autistic dyads. Similar themes were identified regarding the importance of social connectedness and socio-emotional difficulties, as well a common lack of trust in the social and sensory self and body. Autism-specific themes centred on feelings of social ‘defectiveness’, disparities between sensing and expressing certain cues, and lifelong, multi-sensory processing differences. Non-autistic themes reflected social comparisons and inadequacy, and sensitivities to the learning of ideals and behaviour through early experiences. Conclusions While similarities were observed across both groups, there appeared to be notable differences in the perceived role and influence of social and sensory differences. These findings may have important implications on the delivery and modification of eating disorder interventions. Specifically, they suggest that while treatment targets may look similar, subtle differences in underlying mechanisms and approaches may be required for Autistic individuals with AN across sensory, emotion and communication-based interventions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“It’s not about wanting to be thin or look small, it’s about the way it feels”: an IPA analysis of social and sensory differences in autistic and non-autistic individuals with anorexia and their parents

et al. 2023

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“…This appreciation and acceptance of their bodies encourages a compassionate, nonjudgmental approach to food selection and eating experiences, promoting IE [ 54 ]. It is important to stress out that interoceptive awareness is frequently disrupted in people with eating disorders [ 55 ]. They might struggle to accurately perceive and interpret internal sensations, such as craving, satiety, and fullness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiles of intuitive eating in adults: the role of self-esteem, interoceptive awareness, and motivation for healthy eating

Chammas,

Brytek-Matera,

Tornquist

et al. 2024

BMC Psychiatry

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Objective Intuitive eating is an eating behavior that has recently come to use mainly in the young population. Knowing that the Lebanese cultural diet differs from other countries, the purpose of this study was to investigate if there is a relationship between self-esteem, interoceptive awareness, and motivation for healthy eating in a sample of Lebanese adults using a Latent Profile Analysis approach. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Lebanese governorates. Participants 359 Lebanese participants enrolled in this study (mean age: 22.75 ± 7.04 years, 40.1% males), through convenience sampling in several Lebanese governorates. Participants were asked to fill anonymously the following scales: The Intuitive Eating Scale (IES-2), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness Scale (MAIA), and the Motivation for Healthy Eating Scale (MHES). Results Our findings revealed four profiles: profile 1 (n = 67; 18.66%) characterized by high SE and intermediate interoceptive awareness and motivation for healthy eating; profile 2 (n = 86; 23.97%) presented high SE, interoceptive awareness, and motivation for healthy eating; profile 3 (n = 86; 23.96%) characterized by high SE, interoceptive awareness, and motivation for healthy eating; class 4 (n = 108; 30.08) described by low SE, intermediate interoceptive awareness, and motivation for healthy eating One-way analysis of variance did not observe a significant difference between the four profiles based on intuitive eating (F = 1.810; p = 0.145; ɳp2 = 0.015). Conclusions Among a sample of Lebanese people, four profiles of interoceptive awareness, motivation for healthy eating, and self-esteem were observed, with no difference concerning intuitive eating.

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“… 45 , 46 Thus, when assessing interoceptive accuracy, it has been suggested to incorporate multiple measures. 35 , 56 …”

Section: Potential Interoception Difficulties In Autism: Measurement ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interoception in Autism: A Narrative Review of Behavioral and Neurobiological Data

Loureiro,

Ringold,

Aziz-Zadeh

2024

PRBM

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While exteroceptive sensory processing is a hallmark of autism spectrum disorder, how interoceptive processing may impact and contribute to symptomatology remains unclear. In this comprehensive narrative review on interoception in autism, we discuss: 1) difficulties with assessing interoception; 2) potential interoceptive differences; 3) interactions between neural systems for interoception, attention, sensorimotor processing, and cognition; and 4) potential differences in neural circuits involved in interoception. In general, there are mixed findings on potential interoception differences in autism. Nevertheless, some data indicate differences in integration of interoceptive and exteroceptive information may contribute to autism symptomatology. Neurologically, interoceptive processing in autism may be impacted by potential differences in the development, morphometry, and connectivity of key interoceptive hubs (vagal processing, brainstem, thalamus, insula), though much work is needed on this topic.

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The role of interoception in the overlap between eating disorders and autism: Methodological considerations

Cited by 12 publications

References 113 publications

“It’s not about wanting to be thin or look small, it’s about the way it feels”: an IPA analysis of social and sensory differences in autistic and non-autistic individuals with anorexia and their parents

“It’s not about wanting to be thin or look small, it’s about the way it feels”: an IPA analysis of social and sensory differences in autistic and non-autistic individuals with anorexia and their parents

Profiles of intuitive eating in adults: the role of self-esteem, interoceptive awareness, and motivation for healthy eating

Interoception in Autism: A Narrative Review of Behavioral and Neurobiological Data

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