The role of integrin family in bone metabolism and tumor bone metastasis

Abstract

Integrins have been the research focus of cell-extracellular matrix adhesion (ECM) and cytokine receptor signal transduction. They are involved in the regulation of bone metabolism of bone precursor cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), osteoblasts (OBs), osteoclasts (OCs), and osteocytes. Recent studies expanded and updated the role of integrin in bone metabolism, and a large number of novel cytokines were found to activate bone metabolism pathways through interaction with integrin receptors. Integrins act as transducers that mediate the regulation of bone-related cells by mechanical stress, fluid shear stress (FSS), microgravity, hypergravity, extracellular pressure, and a variety of physical factors. Integrins mediate bone metastasis of breast, prostate, and lung cancer by promoting cancer cell adhesion, migration, and survival. Integrin-mediated targeted therapy showed promising prospects in bone metabolic diseases. This review emphasizes the latest research results of integrins in bone metabolism and bone metastasis and provides a vision for treatment strategies.

Repurposing the diuretic benzamil as an anti-osteosarcoma agent that acts by suppressing integrin/FAK/STAT3 signalling and compromising mitochondrial function

“…Upregulation of integrin β1 is associated with apoptosis resistance and metastasis in osteosarcoma. 49 , 50 Moreover, integrin β1 can bind to different integrin α subunits to form a variety of heterodimers that may exert a wide variety of diverse biological functions. 51 For instance, the integrin α2β1 heterodimer enhances tumour growth and cancer relapse, 52 but integrin α5β1 inhibits tumour growth.…”

Loss of MXRA8 Delays Mammary Tumor Development and Impairs Metastasis

“…Integrins can also induce intracellular signaling via focal adhesion kinase leading to activation of the RAS/MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways [ 17 ]. Integrin heterodimers, including those containing β3 integrin have been implicated in regulating breast cancer metastasis [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Advances in magnetoelectric composites for promoting bone regeneration: a review

“…Integrins play an important role in cell–extracellular matrix adhesion and cytokine receptor signaling, are involved in the metabolic regulation of a wide range of osteoblasts, and are transmembrane receptors consisting of chains of α and β subunits, with diameters of approximately 8–12 nm, whose intracellular portions are connected to actin filaments via a variety of articulin proteins, and through which they achieve connectivity with the cell nucleus. 76 The nanoscale structure of the material surface can promote the reaction between the extracellular matrix and the material, which further affects the adhesion of osteoblasts. Magnetoelectric nanocomposite membranes are able to promote cellular osteogenic differentiation by controlling the conformation of adsorbed proteins and utilizing the dynamic binding of integrin adsorbed proteins, and further enhance osteogenic differentiation through the FAK/ERK signaling pathway.…”