The Role of Inflammation in Diabetes: Current Concepts and Future Perspectives

Tsalamandris, Sotirios; Antonopoulos, Alexios S.; Oikonomou, Evangelos; Papamikroulis, George-Aggelos; Vogiatzi, Georgia; Papaioannou, Spyridon; Deftereos, Spyros; Tousoulis, Dimitris

doi:10.15420/ecr.2018.33.1

Cited by 881 publications

(660 citation statements)

References 199 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

538

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, people with diabetes in this study were older and had higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease. It is noteworthy that diabetes itself is a proinflammatory and prothrombotic state [28]. The data indicate that COVID-19, at least in its severe forms, is a state of severe inflammation and thrombotic tendency, so those with diabetes may be predisposed to such intense immune dysfunction resulting in severe late disease.…”

Section: Prognostic Markersmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevention and management of COVID-19 among patients with diabetes: an appraisal of the literature

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has emerged as one of the greatest challenges faced by humankind in the recent past. People with diabetes and related comorbidities are at increased risk of its complications and of COVID-19-related death. Older age, multi-morbidity, hyperglycaemia, cardiac injury and severe inflammatory response are predictors of poor outcome. The complex interplay between COVID-19, diabetes and the effects of related therapies is being explored. Most patients experience a mild illness with COVID-19, while people with diabetes are at increased risk of severe disease. Optimising glycaemic control and adopting measures to prevent disease spread are critical aspects. The management of mild disease is supportive, while very many immunomodulatory and antiviral therapies are being investigated for the treatment of severe disease. Several of these agents have specific considerations for use in people with diabetes. Since mass population lockdowns are considered a key step in controlling disease spread, it follows that, in addition to the direct vulnerability to severe COVID-19, people with diabetes can be affected by limited access to healthcare, insulin, other medications and blood glucose monitoring equipment. Measures to prevent disease spread at the individual and community level are the key to mitigating the rapidly escalating pandemic, while agents for chemoprophylaxis and vaccines are being explored. People with diabetes should be recognised as a vulnerable group for complicated disease and are at risk during times of disturbed social systems. Strategies are needed to safeguard the health of patients with diabetes during the pandemic. This review summarises the current knowledge and perceived challenges for prevention and management of COVID-19 in people with diabetes.

show abstract

Section: Prognostic Markersmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevention and management of COVID-19 among patients with diabetes: an appraisal of the literature

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In fact, high ARA intake has been shown to inhibit the anti-inflammatory and inflammation-resolving effects of ω-3 fatty acids [33]. Therefore, the observed increase in ω-3 fatty acids accompanied by a decrease in ARA may be beneficial, especially under pre-existing inflammatory conditions, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Cellular Uptake of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Phytosterols from Natural Micellar Oil

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The transport of hydrophobic compounds to recipient cells is a critical step in nutrient supplementation. Here, we tested the effect of phospholipid-based emulsification on the uptake of hydrophobic compounds into various tissue culture cell lines. In particular, the uptake of ω-3 fatty acids from micellar or nonmicellar algae oil into cell models for enterocytes, epithelial cells, and adipocytes was tested. Micellization of algae oil did not result in adverse effects on cell viability in the target cells. In general, both micellar and nonmicellar oil increased intracellular docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels. However, micellar oil was more effective in terms of augmenting the intracellular levels of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) than nonmicellar oil. These effects were rather conserved throughout the cells tested, indicating that fatty acids from micellar oils are enriched by mechanisms independent of lipases or lipid transporters. Importantly, the positive effect of emulsification was not restricted to the uptake of fatty acids. Instead, the uptake of phytosterols from phytogenic oils into target cells also increased after micellization. Taken together, phospholipid-based emulsification is a straightforward, effective, and safe approach to delivering hydrophobic nutrients, such as fatty acids or phytosterols, to a variety of cell types in vitro. It is proposed that this method of emulsification is suitable for the effective supplementation of numerous hydrophobic nutrients.

show abstract

“…Activation of NLRP3 causes oversecretion of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, which impair islet cell function and induce dysregulation of blood glucose levels, thus resulting in the development of T2D [91,92]. The surface expression of functional IL-1β receptors on pancreatic β cells and infiltrating macrophages further enhances the production of IL-1β and the diffusion of inflammatory signals through the NF-kB pathway, which might ultimately cause β-cell dysfunction [91,93]. Even the early stage of T2D is characterized by dysfunctional β cells and a decrease in insulin production.…”

Section: Obesity and T2dmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Roles of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases and in Relevant Advanced Therapeutic Interventions

Pirzada

Javaid

Choi

2020

Genes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inflammasomes are intracellular multiprotein complexes in the cytoplasm that regulate inflammation activation in the innate immune system in response to pathogens and to host self-derived molecules. Recent advances greatly improved our understanding of the activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes at the molecular level. The NLRP3 belongs to the subfamily of NLRP which activates caspase 1, thus causing the production of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β and interleukin 18) and pyroptosis. This inflammasome is involved in multiple neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders including Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and gout. Therefore, therapeutic targeting to the NLRP3 inflammasome complex is a promising way to treat these diseases. Recent research advances paved the way toward drug research and development using a variety of machine learning-based and artificial intelligence-based approaches. These state-of-the-art approaches will lead to the discovery of better drugs after the training of such a system.

show abstract

The Role of Inflammation in Diabetes: Current Concepts and Future Perspectives

Cited by 881 publications

References 199 publications

Prevention and management of COVID-19 among patients with diabetes: an appraisal of the literature

Prevention and management of COVID-19 among patients with diabetes: an appraisal of the literature

Increased Cellular Uptake of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Phytosterols from Natural Micellar Oil

The Roles of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases and in Relevant Advanced Therapeutic Interventions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About