The Role of Ice Splintering on Microphysics of Deep Convective Clouds Forming Under Different Aerosol Conditions: Simulations Using the Model With Spectral Bin Microphysics

Qu, Yang; Хаин, А.; Phillips, Vaughan T. J.; Ilotoviz, Eyal; Shpund, Jacob; Patade, Sachin; Chen, Baojun

doi:10.1029/2019jd031312

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Individual experiments of freezing droplets reported the maximum fragmentation rate at temperatures between ~ -10 and -15 o C (Leisner et al, 2014;Lauber et al, 2018;Keinert et al, 2020). DS is found to be very efficient in vigorous convective updrafts (Lawson et al, 2015;Phillips et al, 2018;Qu et al, 2020), while remote sensing observations indicate that DS can be much more conducive to SIP in slightly supercooled Arctic MPCs than the wellknown HM process (Luke et al, 2021). This is in line with single-column simulations performed by Zhao et al (2021), but contradicts the findings of small-scale modeling studies suggesting that DS is ineffective in polar regions (Fu et al, 2019;Sotiropoulou et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Parameterizations of this mechanism are implemented in small-scale models (Fridlind et al, 2007;Phillips et al, 2017a, b;Sotiropoulou et al, 2020Sotiropoulou et al, , 2021bSullivan et al, 2018a;Yano and Phillips, 2011;Yano et al, 2016), mesoscale models (Hoarau et al, 2018;Sullivan et al, 2018b;Qu et al, 2020;Sotiropoulou et al, 2021a;Dedekind et al, 2021) and global climate models (Zhao and Liu, 2021). These modeling studies followed several approaches to implement the effect of BR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Secondary ice production processes in wintertime alpine mixed-phase clouds

Georgakaki¹,

Sotiropoulou

Vignon

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Observations of orographic mixed-phase clouds (MPCs) have long shown that measured ice crystal number concentrations (ICNCs) can exceed the concentration of ice nucleating particles by orders of magnitude. Additionally, model simulations of alpine clouds are frequently found to underestimate the amount of ice compared with observations. Surface-based blowing snow, hoar frost and secondary ice production processes have been suggested as potential causes, but their relative importance and persistence remains highly uncertain. Here we study ice production mechanisms in wintertime orographic MPCs observed during the Cloud and Aerosol Characterization Experiment (CLACE) 2014 campaign at the Jungfraujoch site in the Swiss Alps with the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF). Simulations suggest that droplet shattering is not a significant source of ice crystals at this specific location – but break-up upon collisions between ice particles is quite active, elevating the predicted ICNCs by up to 3 orders of magnitude, which is consistent with observations. The initiation of the ice-ice collisional break-up mechanism is primarily associated with the occurrence of seeder-feeder events from higher precipitating cloud layers. The enhanced aggregation of snowflakes is found to drive secondary ice formation in the simulated clouds, the role of which is strengthened when the large hydrometeors interact with the primary ice crystals formed in the feeder cloud. Including a constant source of cloud ice crystals from blowing snow, through the action of the break-up mechanism, can episodically enhance ICNCs. Increases in secondary ice fragment generation can be counterbalanced by enhanced orographic precipitation, which seems to prevent explosive multiplication and cloud dissipation. These findings highlight the importance of secondary ice and "seeding" mechanisms – primarily falling ice from above and to a lesser degree blowing ice from the surface – which frequently enhance primary ice and determine the phase state and properties of MPCs.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary ice production processes in wintertime alpine mixed-phase clouds

Georgakaki¹,

Sotiropoulou

Vignon

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although BR has been observed in polar conditions before (Rangno and Hobbs, 2001;Schwarzenboeck et al, 2009), this mechanism is currently not implemented in most weather prediction and climate models. The more advanced Phillips et al (2017a) parameterization produces realistic ICNCs in Antarctic clouds as long as a high rimed fraction is prescribed for the particles that undergo fracture, which is in agreement with Sotiropoulou et al (2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary ice production in summer clouds over the Antarctic coast: an underappreciated process in atmospheric models

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The correct representation of Antarctic clouds in atmospheric models is crucial for accurate projections of the future Antarctic climate. This is particularly true for summer clouds which play a critical role in the surface melting of the ice shelves in the vicinity of the Weddell Sea. The pristine atmosphere over the Antarctic coast is characterized by low concentrations of ice nucleating particles (INPs) which often result in the formation of supercooled liquid clouds. However, when ice formation occurs, the ice crystal number concentrations (ICNCs) are substantially higher than those predicted by existing primary ice nucleation parameterizations. The rime-splintering mechanism, thought to be the dominant secondary ice production (SIP) mechanism at temperatures between −8 and −3 ∘C, is also weak in the Weather and Research Forecasting model. Including a parameterization for SIP due to breakup (BR) from collisions between ice particles improves the ICNC representation in the modeled mixed-phase clouds, suggesting that BR could account for the enhanced ICNCs often found in Antarctic clouds. The model results indicate that a minimum concentration of about ∼ 0.1 L−1 of primary ice crystals is necessary and sufficient to initiate significant breakup to explain the observations, while our findings show little sensitivity to increasing INPs. The BR mechanism is currently not represented in most weather prediction and climate models; including this process can have a significant impact on the Antarctic radiation budget.

show abstract

“…For example, the SNOWIE project is used to understand organic cloud dynamic and microphysical processes and addresses long-standing uncertainties regarding the effectiveness of organic cloud seeding [13,14]. Furthermore, the microphysical characteristics of clouds observed by aircraft play an important role in climate research and the determination of cloud parameterization schemes in numerical models [15][16][17]. In addition, remote sensing data, such as radar and satellites, are more helpful to evaluate the precipitation enhancement effectiveness through the value change of cloud parameters between pre-and post-cloud seeding.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

FACT: An Air-Ground Communication Framework for Seeding Quality Control of Aircraft

Li¹,

Li²,

Zhou³

et al. 2022

Computer Systems Science and Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A new type of air-ground communication application framework named FACT (framework for air-ground communication technology with weather-modification aircraft) is presented to track and command weather-modification aircraft to perform ideal cloud seeding. FACT provides a set of solutions from three perspectives, namely, onboard, onground and air-to-ground, with the core purpose of solving the problems of the rapid exchange of information, contract analysis and identifying potential seeding areas when flight plans and meteorological conditions change. On board, the observed data are processed centrally and transmitted downward through air-to-ground communication. The real-time application and sharing of aircraft detection data are strengthened on the ground, and potential areas of operation are automatically identified based on ground data. The communication between the air and the ground achieves a technical breakthrough by realizing double satellite links, adaptive data transmission and VPN channel encryption. Additionally, an application based on FACT is designed and implemented for the real-time command of weather-modified aircraft. This approach has become the key air-to-ground communication system support for more than 40 Chinese aircraft and the big data service support center of airborne data to ensure improved operation of weather-modification aircraft in China.

show abstract

The Role of Ice Splintering on Microphysics of Deep Convective Clouds Forming Under Different Aerosol Conditions: Simulations Using the Model With Spectral Bin Microphysics

Cited by 15 publications

References 48 publications

Secondary ice production processes in wintertime alpine mixed-phase clouds

Secondary ice production processes in wintertime alpine mixed-phase clouds

Secondary ice production in summer clouds over the Antarctic coast: an underappreciated process in atmospheric models

FACT: An Air-Ground Communication Framework for Seeding Quality Control of Aircraft

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About