The role of<i>rpoS</i>in<i>Escherichia coli</i>O157 manure-amended soil survival and distribution of allelic variations among bovine, food and clinical isolates

Hoek, Angela H.A.M. van; Aarts, H.J.M.; Bouw, El; Overbeek, Wendy M. van; Franz, Eelco

doi:10.1111/1574-6968.12024

Cited by 37 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…van Hoek et al (23) reported that a fully functional RpoS system is an advantage for the long-term survival of Escherichia coli O157 in the manure-amended soil environment. It is generally believed that these response pathways extensively overlap, and bacteria exposed to one sublethal stress may thus develop cross-protection against other stresses (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Resistance and Gene Expression of both Desiccation-Adapted and Rehydrated Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Cells in Aged Broiler Litter

Zhao

Jiang

2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this study was to investigate the thermal resistance and gene expression of both desiccation-adapted and rehydrated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium cells in aged broiler litter. S. Typhimurium was desiccation adapted in aged broiler litter with a 20% moisture content (water activity [a w ], 0.81) for 1, 2, 3, 12, or 24 h at room temperature and then rehydrated for 3 h. As analyzed by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR), the rpoS, proV, dnaK, and grpE genes were upregulated (P Ͻ 0.05) under desiccation stress and could be induced after 1 h but in less than 2 h. Following rehydration, fold changes in the levels of these four genes became significantly lower (P Ͻ 0.05). The desiccation-adapted ΔrpoS mutant was less heat resistant at 75°C than was the desiccation-adapted wild type (P Ͻ 0.05), whereas there were no differences in heat resistance between desiccation-adapted mutants in two nonregulated genes (otsA and PagfD) and the desiccation-adapted wild type (P Ͼ 0.05). Survival characteristics of the desiccation-adapted ΔPagfD (rdar [red, dry, and rough] morphotype) and ΔagfD (saw [smooth and white] morphotype) mutants were similar (P Ͼ 0.05). Trehalose synthesis in the desiccation-adapted wild type was not induced compared to a nonadapted control (P Ͼ 0.05). Our results demonstrated the importance of the rpoS, proV, dnaK, and grpE genes in the desiccation survival of S. Typhimurium. By using an ΔrpoS mutant, we found that the rpoS gene was involved in the crossprotection of desiccation-adapted S. Typhimurium against high temperatures, while trehalose synthesis or rdar morphology did not play a significant role in this phenomenon. In summary, S. Typhimurium could respond rapidly to low-a w conditions in aged broiler litter while developing cross-protection against high temperatures, but this process could be reversed upon rehydration.IMPORTANCE Physical heat treatment is effective in eliminating human pathogens from poultry litter used as biological soil amendments. However, prior to physical heat treatment, some populations of microorganisms may be adapted to the stressful conditions in poultry litter during composting or stockpiling, which may cross-protect them against subsequent high temperatures. Our previous study demonstrated that desiccation-adapted S. enterica cells in aged broiler litter exhibited enhanced thermal resistance. However, there is limited research on the underlying mechanisms of the extended survival of pathogens under desiccation conditions in animal wastes and cross-tolerance to subsequent heat treatment. Moreover, no information is available about the thermal resistance of desiccationadapted microorganisms in response to rehydration. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the gene expression and thermal resistance of both desiccationadapted and rehydrated S. Typhimurium in aged broiler litter. This work will guide future research efforts to control human pathogens in animal wastes used as biological soil amendments.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Resistance and Gene Expression of both Desiccation-Adapted and Rehydrated Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Cells in Aged Broiler Litter

Zhao

Jiang

2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The uneven PT distribution between the strains isolated from human disease and the strains isolated from the animal reservoir seems to indicate that a subpopulation of VTEC O157 might have evolved that is either more virulent for the human host or better adapted to survive in the food chain. The existence of a distinct subpopulation of VTEC O157 has been demonstrated by molecular techniques (21,22), including octamer-based genome scanning (23), single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis (24), and a lineage-specific polymorphism assay (25), supporting such a hypothesis.…”

Section: Erocytotoxin (Vt)-producing Escherichia Coli (Vtec) O157mentioning

confidence: 93%

Identification and Characterization of a Peculiar vtx2 -Converting Phage Frequently Present in Verocytotoxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 Isolated from Human Infections

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

dCertain verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) O157 phage types (PTs), such as PT8 and PT2, are associated with severe human infections, while others, such as PT21, seem to be restricted to cattle. In an attempt to delve into the mechanisms underlying such a differential distribution of PTs, we performed microarray comparison of human PT8 and animal PT21 VTEC O157 isolates. The main differences observed were in the vtx2-converting phages, with the PT21 strains bearing a phage identical to that present in the reference strain EDL933, BP933W, and all the PT8 isolates displaying lack of hybridization in some regions of the phage genome. We focused on the region spanning the gam and cII genes and developed a PCR tool to investigate the presence of PT8-like phages in a panel of VTEC O157 strains belonging to different PTs and determined that a vtx2 phage reacting with the primers deployed, which we named ⌽8, was more frequent in VTEC O157 strains from human disease than in bovine strains. No differences were observed in the production of the VT2 mRNA when ⌽8-positive strains were compared with VTEC O157 possessing BP933W. Nevertheless, we show that the gam-cII region of phage ⌽8 might carry genetic determinants downregulating the transcription of the genes encoding the components of the type III secretion system borne on the locus of enterocyte effacement pathogenicity island. V erocytotoxin (VT)-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) O157is a zoonotic pathogen causing food-borne disease outbreaks and sporadic cases of disease worldwide (1, 2). The symptoms induced upon VTEC O157 infection include a variety of clinical manifestations, such as diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and the lifethreatening hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). VTEC O157 can be found as a component of the intestinal microflora in numerous animal species, but domestic ruminants, especially cattle, have been identified as its main reservoir (2). The presence of VTEC O157 in the intestinal content of cattle may cause the contamination of food of bovine origin at the slaughterhouse (3, 4). Moreover, healthy cattle shed VTEC O157 in their feces, contaminating the farm environment and favoring its persistence in the herd (5-7).Although the main vehicle of infection is contaminated food of animal origin, the dispersion of VTEC O157 in the environment, caused by its elimination with ruminants' feces, also poses a risk for humans to acquire the infection. In particular, human infection can result from exposure to contaminated water, used either for drinking or for recreational purposes, as well as from consuming vegetables grown in fields irrigated with contaminated water or fertilized with animal manure not properly matured (8,9).The pathogenicity of VTEC O157 relies upon the expression of at least two key virulence features: the production of verocytotoxins (VTs), also termed Shiga toxins (Stxs), encoded by genes carried by temperate bacteriophages (10), and the induction of the characteristic attaching and effacing (A/E) lesion in the intestinal muco...

show abstract

“…Van Hoek et al [98] reported that a fully functional RpoS system can provide an advantage for survival in the manure-amended soil environment. In their study, E. coli O157 isolates capable of long-term survival in manure-amended soil were all absent of mutations in their rpoS gene; however, the strains not capable of long-term persistence were mutant in their rpoS gene.…”

Section: Composting Stress and Stress-induced Cross-protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological Safety of Chicken Litter or Chicken Litter-Based Organic Fertilizers: A Review

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Chicken litter or chicken litter-based organic fertilizers are usually recycled into the soil to improve the structure and fertility of agricultural land. As an important source of nutrients for crop production, chicken litter may also contain a variety of human pathogens that can threaten humans who consume the contaminated food or water. Composting can inactivate pathogens while creating a soil amendment beneficial for application to arable agricultural land. Some foodborne pathogens may have the potential to survive for long periods of time in raw chicken litter or its composted products after land application, and a small population of pathogenic cells may even regrow to high levels when the conditions are favorable for growth. Thermal processing is a good choice for inactivating pathogens in chicken litter or chicken litter-based organic fertilizers prior to land application. However, some populations may become acclimatized to a hostile environment during build-up or composting and develop heat resistance through cross-protection during subsequent high temperature treatment. Therefore, this paper reviews currently available information on the microbiological safety of chicken litter or chicken litter-based organic fertilizers, and discusses about further research on developing novel and effective disinfection techniques, including physical, chemical, and biological treatments, as an alternative to current methods.

show abstract

The role ofrpoSinEscherichia coliO157 manure-amended soil survival and distribution of allelic variations among bovine, food and clinical isolates

Cited by 37 publications

References 31 publications

Thermal Resistance and Gene Expression of both Desiccation-Adapted and Rehydrated Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Cells in Aged Broiler Litter

Thermal Resistance and Gene Expression of both Desiccation-Adapted and Rehydrated Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Cells in Aged Broiler Litter

Identification and Characterization of a Peculiar vtx2 -Converting Phage Frequently Present in Verocytotoxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 Isolated from Human Infections

Microbiological Safety of Chicken Litter or Chicken Litter-Based Organic Fertilizers: A Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About