The Role of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Infection in Non-Anogenital Cancer and the Promise of Immunotherapy: A Review

Cobos, Chris; Figueroa, José A.; Mirandola, Leonardo; Colombo, M.; Summers, Gabby; Figueroa, Alejandro; Aulakh, Amardeep; Konala, Venu Madhav; Verma, Rashmi; Riaz, Jehanzeb; Wade, Raymond; Saadeh, Constantine; Rahman, Rakhshanda Layeequr; Pandey, Apurva; Radhi, Saba; Nguyen, Diane; Jenkins, Marjorie; Chiriva‐Internati, Maurizio; Cobos, Everardo

doi:10.3109/08830185.2014.911857

Cited by 36 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Various biological processes such as proliferation, differentiation, migration, activation, and cell growth are coordinated by cytokines, as well as the tumor development [15,26,27]. Cytokines may contribute to tumor development in, at least, two ways: stimulating cell growth and differentiation and inhibiting apoptosis of abnormal cells [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High systemic IL-6 is associated with worse prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

et al. 2017

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Characteristic cytokine patterns have been described in different cancer patients and they are related to their diagnosis, prognosis, prediction of treatment responses and survival. A panel of cytokines was evaluated in the plasma of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and healthy controls to investigate their profile and relationship with clinical characteristics and overall survival. The case-controlled cross-sectional study design recruited 77 patients with confirmed diagnosis of NSCLC (cases) and 91 healthy subjects (controls) aimed to examine peripheral pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, TNF and IFN-γ) by Cytometry Beads Arrays (CBA Flex) in. The cytokine IL-6 showed a statistically significant difference among groups with increased expression in the case group (p < 0.001). The correlation between the cytokines expression with patient’s clinical characteristics variables revealed the cytokine IL-6 was found to be associated with gender, showing higher levels in male (p = 0.036), whereas IL-17A levels were associated with TNM stage, being higher in III–IV stages (p = 0.044). We observed worse overall survival for individuals with high levels of IL-6 when compared to those with low levels of this cytokine in 6, 12 and 24 months. Further studies of IL-6 levels in independent cohort could clarify the real role of IL-6 as an independent marker of prognostic of NSCLC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High systemic IL-6 is associated with worse prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

et al. 2017

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“…High-risk HPV DNA has been found in some unconventional HPV cancers, such as breast, prostate, colorectal, and lung cancers, and a causative role has been implied (210)(211)(212)(213). Although known to be associated with human cancers, the potential role of high-risk HPV in the carcinogenic steps of these cancers is controversial.…”

Section: Future Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Papillomavirus Laboratory Testing: the Changing Paradigm

2016

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SUMMARYHigh-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause essentially all cervical cancers, most anal and oropharyngeal cancers, and some vaginal, vulvar, and penile cancers. Improved understanding of the pathogenesis of infection and the availability of newer tests are changing the approach to screening and diagnosis. Molecular tests to detect DNA from the most common high-risk HPVs are FDA approved for use in conjunction with cytology in cervical cancer screening programs. More-specific tests that detect RNA from high-risk HPV types are now also available. The use of molecular tests as the primary screening tests is being adopted in some areas. Genotyping to identify HPV16 and -18 has a recommended role in triaging patients for colposcopy who are high-risk HPV positive but have normal cytology. There are currently no recommended screening methods for anal, vulvar, vaginal, penile, or oropharyngeal HPV infections. HPV testing has limited utility in patients at high risk for anal cancer, but p16 immunohistochemistry is recommended to clarify lesions in tissue biopsy specimens that show moderate dysplasia or precancer mimics. HPV testing is recommended for oropharyngeal squamous cell tumors as a prognostic indicator. Ongoing research will help to improve the content of future guidelines for screening and diagnostic testing.

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“…Recent population-based studies in the United States have shown that 96% of cervical cancers, 93% of anal cancers, 64% of vaginal cancers, 51% of vulvar cancers, 36% of penile cancers, and 63% of oropharyngeal cancers are attributable to HPV [12]. Several screening methods focusing on the detection of HPV have emerged in recent years, as commercial assays that identify women who harbor cervical infections with at least one of 12∼14 high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) types, which are associated with most cases of pre-invasive and cervical cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Detected by Recent Various Human Papillomavirus from General Hospital in Seoul Area

이준범

Chang-Eun

2016

Korean J Clin Lab Sci.

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a necessary precondition of cervical cancer. A change from cytology to molecular HPV testing is, however, challenging. A new HPV DNA chip test for the infection of 22 HPV genotypes were developed in Korea. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV infection in the Seoul area. Over the last year, a total of 5,614 samples were tested. Using a chip test, HPV genotypes were detected in 1,596 (28.4%); of which, 679 (42.5%) were considered as high risk and low risk HPV were 152 (9.5%). 831 were single positive samples (n=1596). The most frequently found genotypes in all HPV-single positive samples (n=831) were HPV-16 (16.5%), 58 (15.2%), 52 (8.8%), 51 (7.1%) and 56 (5.9%). Mixed genotypes (n=219) were detected in 2 (n=176, 11.0%), 3 (n=37, 5.9%), and 4 (n=2, 0.1%) positive samples (n=1596). This study demonstrated that epidemical investigated HPV infection in patients of general hospital. These findings could be used to indicate a nationwide distribution of HPV and the adoption of vaccines. It is hoped that additional epidemiological research regarding the outcomes that are important to decision makers will be conducted.

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The Role of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Infection in Non-Anogenital Cancer and the Promise of Immunotherapy: A Review

Cited by 36 publications

References 82 publications

High systemic IL-6 is associated with worse prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

High systemic IL-6 is associated with worse prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Human Papillomavirus Laboratory Testing: the Changing Paradigm

Investigation of Detected by Recent Various Human Papillomavirus from General Hospital in Seoul Area

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