The role of host immunity to arthropod vectors in regulating the transmission of vector borne diseases

Ramasamy, Ranjan; Ramasamy, M. S.

doi:10.1017/s1742758400010729

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Conventional approaches to vector control depend on the use of chemical insecticides and biological control agents. A different approach is based on developing immunity to mosquito midgut antigens (Ramasamy & Ramasamy, 1990b), a method analogous to a procedure that has achieved considerable success with ticks (Willadsen et al, 1989). The genetic manipulation of vector populations to control malaria and other vector-borne diseases is also being considered (Carlson et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of human malaria parasites, Plasmodium wVaxand P.falciparum, with the midgut of Anopheles mosquitoes

Ramasamy

Kulasekera

Wanniarachchi

et al. 1997

Medical Vet Entomology

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Present understanding of the development of sexual stages of the human malaria parasites Plasmodium vivax and P.falciparum in the Anopheles vector is reviewed, with particular reference to the role of the mosquito midgut in establishing an infection. The sexual stages of the parasite, the gametocytes, are formed in human erythrocytes. The changes in temperature and pH encountered by the gametocyte induce gametogenesis in the lumen of the midgut. Macromolecules derived from mosquito tissue and second messenger pathways regulate events leading to fertilization. In An.tessellatus the movement of the ookinete from the lumen to the midgut epithelium is linked to the release of trypsin in the midgut and the peritrophic matrix is not a firm barrier to this movement. The passage of the P.vivax ookinete through the peritrophic matrix may take place before the latter is fully formed. The late ookinete development in P.falciparum requires chitinase to facilitate penetration of the peritrophic matrix. Recognition sites for the ookinetes are present on the midgut epithelial cells. N-acetyl glucosamine residues in the oligosaccharide side chains of An.tessellatus midgut glycoproteins and peritrophic matrix proteoglycan may function as recognition sites for P.vivax and P.falciparum ookinetes. It is possible that ookinetes penetrating epithelial cells produce stress in the vector. Mosquito molecules may be involved in oocyst development in the basal lamina, and encapsulation of the parasite occurs in vectors that are refractory to the parasite. Detailed knowledge of vector-parasite interactions, particularly in the midgut and the identification of critical mosquito molecules offers prospects for manipulating the vector for the control of malaria.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%