The role of hippocampal subregions in memory for stimulus associations

Langston, Rosamund F.; Stevenson, Cassie H.; Wilson, Claire; Saunders, Ian; Wood, Emma R.

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2010.07.006

Cited by 134 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Considering the clear role played by astrocytes in hippocampal synaptic plasticity (Barker and Ullian, 2010;Henneberger et al, 2010), the rescue of astrocytic atrophy and the increase in astrocyte number observed in the hippocampus of mutant mice suggests that cognitive improvement induced by CNF1 in symptomatic MeCP2-308 mice may be mediated by its effects on astrocytes. Indeed, the performance of mutant mice was not affected by CNF1 in the cued version of the fearconditioning task and the novel object recognition test (Supplementary Results), which are not hippocampaldependent (Langston et al, 2010;Langston and Wood, 2009). In addition, hippocampal lesioned mice have been reported to build poorer nests (Deacon et al, 2002), thus further supporting a role for improved hippocampal functionality in CNF1-induced behavioral effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Modulation of RhoGTPases Improves the Behavioral Phenotype and Reverses Astrocytic Deficits in a Mouse Model of Rett Syndrome

Filippis

Fabbri

Simone

et al. 2011

Neuropsychopharmacol

109

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RhoGTPases are crucial molecules in neuronal plasticity and cognition, as confirmed by their role in non-syndromic mental retardation. Activation of brain RhoGTPases by the bacterial cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1) reshapes the actin cytoskeleton and enhances neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity in mouse brains. We evaluated the effects of a single CNF1 intracerebroventricular inoculation in a mouse model of Rett syndrome (RTT), a rare neurodevelopmental disorder and a genetic cause of mental retardation, for which no effective therapy is available. Fully symptomatic MeCP2-308 male mice were evaluated in a battery of tests specifically tailored to detect RTT-related impairments. At the end of behavioral testing, brain sections were immunohistochemically characterized. Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy (MRS) were also applied to assess morphological and metabolic brain changes. The CNF1 administration markedly improved the behavioral phenotype of MeCP2-308 mice. CNF1 also dramatically reversed the evident signs of atrophy in astrocytes of mutant mice and restored wt-like levels of this cell population. A partial rescue of the overexpression of IL-6 cytokine was also observed in RTT brains. CNF1-induced brain metabolic changes detected by MRS analysis involved markers of glial integrity and bioenergetics, and point to improved mitochondria functionality in CNF1-treated mice. These results clearly indicate that modulation of brain RhoGTPases by CNF1 may constitute a totally innovative therapeutic approach for RTT and, possibly, for other disorders associated with mental retardation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Modulation of RhoGTPases Improves the Behavioral Phenotype and Reverses Astrocytic Deficits in a Mouse Model of Rett Syndrome

Filippis

Fabbri

Simone

et al. 2011

Neuropsychopharmacol

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Of note, it is possible that CA1 and CA3 cells have an overlapping role in memory which involves temporal ordering associated with spatial location [6]. Given the roles of the CA3 and CA1 regions in spatial memory formation, it follows that any disruption to the pyramidal cells of the CA2-CA3 and CA1 regions may cause spatial learning and memory deficits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protictive effects of green tea and garlic on the morphological and oxidative stress changes of hippocampus in aged male and female albino rats

El‐Sokkary¹,

Alghriany²,

Atia³

2018

J Histol Histopathol

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Objective: Green tea is an extremely popular drink and particularly rich in strong antioxidants, flavonoids. Also, garlic is important dietary and has medicinal role for centuries and possess both antioxidant and antiinflammatory action in several oxidative stress conditions. Materials and methods: Four groups of both male and female rats [young (3 months-old), aged (26 months-old), aged+green tea (200 mg/kg) and aged+garlic (100 mg/kg)] were used. Histological changes in the pyramidal cells of the hippocampus were examined. Levels of oxidized lipids (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione concentration (GSH) were measured in the serum. Results: Irregular, shrinked and deeply stained large and small pyramidal cells with fragmented nuclei and basophilic cytoplasm observed in the hippocampus of aged male and female rats. Green tea and garlic administration preserve these changes in the pyramidal cells in both genders. Aging increased the level of LPO, decreased the activity of SOD and the concentration of GSH of both male and female rats versus those of young ones. Again, green tea and garlic ameliorated these changes. Conclusion: our results showed that the protective role of green tea and garlic against oxidative stress parameters was more effective in males than females. Morphologically, garlic exerted preservation to the pyramidal cells of hippocampus more than green tea in both genders. This study suggests that the use of both green tea and garlic may inhibit the bodily changes related to aging.

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“…Among this category of functions, the hippocampus is particularly important for discriminating similar contexts, which requires processing of not only spatial but also temporal and relational information (2). In fact, clearly distinct roles for the dentate gyrus and CA3 and CA1 regions of the hippocampus in this form of learning have been identified (3). However, the biochemical underpinnings of these functions remain poorly understood.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Consistent with their defective LTP, RAS-GRF2 knock-out mice display defective contextual fear conditioning memory. 3 In contrast, RAS-GRF1 mice display more subtle fear memory defects in that contextual fear memory is weakly defective (7,8), but contextual discrimination is completely lost (7). How RAS-GRF1 contributes to contextual discrimination is not known.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquisition of Contextual Discrimination Involves the Appearance of a RAS-GRF1/p38 Mitogen-activated Protein (MAP) Kinase-mediated Signaling Pathway That Promotes Long Term Potentiation (LTP)

Jin¹,

Arai²,

Tian³

et al. 2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background:The ability to distinguish similar experiences is a critical aspect of memory. Results: Contextual discrimination involves LTP promoted by calcium-permeable AMPA-type glutamate receptors, RAS-GRF1 and p38 MAP kinase. Conclusion: A newly discovered, LTP-supporting, signaling pathway contributes to a key component of memory formation. Significance: Defects in this signaling pathway may contribute to cognitive loss associated with neurological disorders.

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The role of hippocampal subregions in memory for stimulus associations

Cited by 134 publications

References 82 publications

Modulation of RhoGTPases Improves the Behavioral Phenotype and Reverses Astrocytic Deficits in a Mouse Model of Rett Syndrome

Modulation of RhoGTPases Improves the Behavioral Phenotype and Reverses Astrocytic Deficits in a Mouse Model of Rett Syndrome

Protictive effects of green tea and garlic on the morphological and oxidative stress changes of hippocampus in aged male and female albino rats

Acquisition of Contextual Discrimination Involves the Appearance of a RAS-GRF1/p38 Mitogen-activated Protein (MAP) Kinase-mediated Signaling Pathway That Promotes Long Term Potentiation (LTP)

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