The Role of Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells in Retroviral Pathogenesis

Banerjee, Prabal; Samuelson, Elizabeth; Feuer, Gerold

doi:10.1142/9789814295314_0001

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Since mature viral retroviruses also were not evident in the bowel luminal contents, bordering PMN's or enterocytes in the many electron micrographs studied, this infection was probably not acute. Suspected is a low grade or latent retroviral infection of myeloid progenitor cells [6] activated by inflammatory cytokines formed and released in the immediate postoperative period. The precursor viral proteins utilized in the assembly of the immature virus apparently were already manufactured in the biosynthetically active organelles of these cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrovirus Pseudomembranous Atrophic Enteritis caused by Suicidal Emperipolesis; A Light and Ultrastructural Study

Slavin¹,

Bs²,

Wen³

2015

J Clin Exp Pathol

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Benign retroviral infections are common but are usually not recognized. This histologic and ultrastructural study identifies such an infection that became clinically evident in the small bowel following a partial colectomy for multiple micro invasive adenomas. Suspected is a low-grade retroviral infection of myeloid progenitor cells activated by inflammatory cytokines released by the operative procedure. Multiple infected neutrophils migrated to the small bowel adjacent to the operative anastomosis and through emperipolesis entered the luminal facing enterocytes. Budding of the retrovirus beginning at the neutrophil cell membrane within enterocytes assembled an immature retrovirus virus lacking a central core because translational and transcriptional viral events were not possible in the organelle poor and nuclear damaged neutrophils. Apoptosis of the infected neutrophil released toxic products and water produced in the mitochondria that distended the vacuoles encircling the neutrophils. There disruption spilled these contents directly into enterocyte cytoplasm producing collateral organelle injury that killed and detached surface enterocytes. This effaced the intestinal villi to produce atrophic and pseudomembranous enteritis with ulcers and bowel perforations. Conclusion:The incomplete assembly of retrovirus in neutrophils rendered the virus non-infective but suicidal emperipolesis in neutrophils assembling retrovirus grouped in enterocytes created the collateral damage that caused the enteritis. This article is the first to report this suicidal variant of emperipolesis and its causative retroviral enteritis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%