The role of health education and sanitation in the control of helminth infections

Asaolu, S. O.; Ofoezie, Ifeanyi Emmanuel

doi:10.1016/s0001-706x(03)00060-3

Cited by 215 publications

(180 citation statements)

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“…The influence of education, occupation and religion on schistosomiasis in pregnant women is similar to that of the general population. A poor level of education appears to be a risk factor for urogenital schistosomiasis in Nigeria in present study, intestinal schistosomiasis in Brazil (Bethony et al 2001) and many other parasitic diseases throughout the developing world (Montresor et al 2001;Asaolu and Ofoezie 2003;Stothard et al 2006;Aagaard-Hansen et al 2009). This association is probably multi-faceted, education affecting attitudes and behavior in different ways in different settings (Ugbomoiko et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Schistosomiasis transmission; socio-demographic, knowledge and practices as transmission risk factors in pregnant women

Salawu

Odaibo

2014

J Parasit Dis

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Schistosoma transmission is influenced by the interplay between various factors ranging from parasite to host associated factors. While many studies have focused on mass chemotherapy to reduce transmission in other populations, no study has examined the impact of social factors that favour transmission in pregnant women in Nigeria. The study was conducted to assess the impact of knowledge, attitudes and sociodemographic factors on schistosomiasis burden in pregnant women of rural communities of Nigeria. A cross sectional community-based field study was conducted to assess the association between Schistosoma haematobium burden and the associated risk factors among pregnant women in rural endemic communities of Nigeria. Structured questionnaire was used to gather information on participants' socio-demographic data, knowledge on schistosomiasis and water contact activities. Of the 237 respondents examined microscopically for infection, 50 (21.1 %) were infected with overall mean infection intensity of 69.6 ± 165.2 eggs/ 10 mL urine. Multivariate logistic analysis showed occupation of the women to be associated with infection with the artisans having the highest risk (OR 3.34, CI 1.67-6.69, P = 0.022). Contact with water and water usage patterns are also associated with prevalence of disease with fetching (OR 2.04, CI 0.19-3.51, P = 0.003) and multipurpose water usage (OR 4.31,, P = 0.0002) being the most predisposing variables respectively. Awareness about water borne diseases showed no association with infection (P = 0.382) with typhoid (23.7 %) and fever (2.6 %) constituting the most and least common water borne diseases mentioned by the women. Health education and provision of good water supply should be integrated into the control strategies in order reduce transmission in endemic areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Schistosomiasis transmission; socio-demographic, knowledge and practices as transmission risk factors in pregnant women

Salawu

Odaibo

2014

J Parasit Dis

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“…Lack of hygienic behavior by children clearly increases the risk of diarrheal diseases [77] and soil-transmitted helminthiasis [78]. Programs which educate women and children about the importance of proper handwashing with soap or ash and clean water can reduce diarrheal diseases incidence, acute lower respiratory infections, impetigo and soil-transmitted helminth infections in children of poor communities [59,79,80]. Nutrition education for women focused on basic nutritional concepts has a positive impact on the nutrition of their own children as well as the children of her neighbors [81].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neglected diseases of neglected populations: Thinking to reshape the determinants of health in Latin America and the Caribbean

2005

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BackgroundPeople living in poverty throughout the developing world are heavily burdened with neglected communicable diseases and often marginalized by the health sector. These diseases are currently referred to as Neglected Diseases of Neglected Populations. The neglected diseases create social and financial burdens to the individual, the family, the community, and the nation.DiscussionNumerous studies of successful individual interventions to manage communicable disease determinants in various types of communities have been published, but few have applied multiple interventions in an integrated, coordinated manner. We have identified a series of successful interventions and developed three hypothetical scenarios where such interventions could be applied in an integrated, multi-disease, inter-programmatic, and/or inter-sectoral approach for prevention and control of neglected diseases in three different populations: a slum, an indigenous community, and a city with a mix of populations.SummaryThe objective of this paper is to identify new opportunities to address neglected diseases, improve community health and promote sustainable development in neglected populations by highlighting examples of key risk and protective factors for neglected diseases which can be managed and implemented through multi-disease-based, integrated, inter-programmatic, and/or inter-sectoral approaches. Based on a literature review, analysis and development of scenarios we visualize how multiple interventions could manage multiple disease problems and propose these as possible strategies to be tested. We seek to stimulate intra- and inter-sectoral dialogue which will help in the construction of new strategies for neglected diseases (particularly for the parasitic diseases) which could benefit the poor and marginalized based on the principle of sustainability and understanding of key determinants of health, and lead to the establishment of pilot projects and activities which can contribute to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals.

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“…hand washing), general knowledge of health risks associated with (open) defecation, signs and symptoms of parasite infections and how such infections can be prevented and treated [23]. Direct observations and questionnaires will be addressed to household heads or their representatives at the unit of the household in the 56 communities.…”

Section: Kapb Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies pertaining to the effect of improved sanitation combined with preventive chemotherapy suggest reductions of 75% and up to 90% for each of the three common soil-transmitted helminth species (Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm and Trichuris trichiura) [21,22]. Hence, sanitation and specific health education protect people from rapid reinfection, consolidate the gains of preventive chemotherapy and are crucial for the sustainability of control programmes [23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Approach to Control Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis, Schistosomiasis, Intestinal Protozoa Infection, and Diarrhea: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Trial (Preprint)

Raso¹,

Essé²,

Dongo³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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BACKGROUND The global strategy to control helminthiases (schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis) emphasizes preventive chemotherapy. However, in the absence of access to clean water, improved sanitation, and adequate hygiene, reinfection after treatment can occur rapidly. Integrated approaches might be necessary to sustain the benefits of preventive chemotherapy and make progress toward interruption of helminthiases transmission. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess and quantify the effect of an integrated control package that consists of preventive chemotherapy, community-led total sanitation, and health education on soil-transmitted helminthiasis, schistosomiasis, intestinal protozoa infection, and diarrhea in rural Côte d’Ivoire. METHODS In a first step, a community health education program was developed that includes an animated cartoon to promote improved hygiene and health targeting school-aged children, coupled with a health education theater for the entire community. In a second step, a cluster randomized trial was implemented in 56 communities of south-central Côte d’Ivoire with 4 intervention arms: (1) preventive chemotherapy; (2) preventive chemotherapy plus community-led total sanitation; (3) preventive chemotherapy plus health education; and (4) all 3 interventions combined. Before implementation of the aforementioned interventions, a baseline parasitologic, anthropometric, and hygiene-related knowledge, attitudes, practices, and beliefs survey was conducted. These surveys were repeated 18 and 39 months after the baseline cross-sectional survey to determine the effect of different interventions on helminth and intestinal protozoa infection, nutritional indicators, and knowledge, attitudes, practices, and beliefs. Monitoring of diarrhea was done over a 24-month period at 2-week intervals, starting right after the baseline survey. RESULTS Key results from this cluster randomized trial will shed light on the effect of integrated approaches consisting of preventive chemotherapy, community-led total sanitation, and health education against infections with soil-transmitted helminths, schistosomes, an intestinal protozoa and prevention of diarrhea in a rural part of Côte d’Ivoire. CONCLUSIONS The research provided new insights into the acceptability, strengths, and limitations of an integrated community-based control package targeting helminthiases, intestinal protozoa infections, and diarrhea in rural communities of Côte d’Ivoire. In the longer term, the study will allow determining the effect of the integrated control approach on infection patterns with parasitic worms and intestinal protozoa, diarrheal incidence, anthropometric measures, and hygiene-related knowledge, attitudes, practices, and beliefs. CLINICALTRIAL International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 53102033; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN53102033 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6wpnXEiHo) REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER RR1-10.2196/9166

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The role of health education and sanitation in the control of helminth infections

Cited by 215 publications

References 39 publications

Schistosomiasis transmission; socio-demographic, knowledge and practices as transmission risk factors in pregnant women

Schistosomiasis transmission; socio-demographic, knowledge and practices as transmission risk factors in pregnant women

Neglected diseases of neglected populations: Thinking to reshape the determinants of health in Latin America and the Caribbean

An Integrated Approach to Control Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis, Schistosomiasis, Intestinal Protozoa Infection, and Diarrhea: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Trial (Preprint)

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