The role of handpump corrosion in the contamination and failure of rural water supplies

Casey, Vincent; Brown, Lawrence F.; Carpenter, Jacob D.; Nekesa, Jacinta; Etti, Bonny

doi:10.3362/1756-3488.2016.006

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…High Fe and Mn are associated with basement aquifers and there is considerable debate as to whether this is naturally occurring or due to corrosion of infrastructure by chemically aggressive groundwater (e.g. Casey et al 2016). High F groundwater is commonly found associated with volcanic deposits (e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban groundwater quality in sub-Saharan Africa: current status and implications for water security and public health

et al. 2017

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Groundwater resources are important sources of drinking water in Africa, and they are hugely important in sustaining urban livelihoods and supporting a diverse range of commercial and agricultural activities. Groundwater has an important role in improving health in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). An estimated 250 million people (40% of the total) live in urban centres across SSA. SSA has experienced a rapid expansion in urban populations since the 1950s, with increased population densities as well as expanding geographical coverage. Estimates suggest that the urban population in SSA will double between 2000 and 2030. The quality status of shallow urban groundwater resources is often very poor due to inadequate waste management and source protection, and poses a significant health risk to users, while deeper borehole sources often provide an important source of good quality drinking water. Given the growth in future demand from this finite resource, as well as potential changes in future climate in this region, a detailed understanding of both water quantity and quality is required to use this resource sustainably. This paper provides a comprehensive assessment of the water quality status, both microbial and chemical, of urban groundwater in SSA across a range of hydrogeological terrains and different groundwater point types. Lower storage basement terrains, which underlie a significant proportion of urban centres in SSA, are particularly vulnerable to contamination. The relationship between mean nitrate concentration and intrinsic aquifer pollution risk is assessed for urban centres across SSA. Current knowledge gaps are identified and future research needs highlighted.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban groundwater quality in sub-Saharan Africa: current status and implications for water security and public health

et al. 2017

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“…The iron residue could also be present either naturally in the aquifer or due to hand pump corrosion. Standards for hand pumps recommend that galvanized iron pump components are not to be used in groundwater due to the possibility of corrosion, but that standard is not usually implemented [65]. High concentrations of iron give rise to growth conditions for iron-oxidizing bacteria, which could lead to the water having an unpleasant taste, odor, and appearance.…”

Section: Water Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…High concentrations of iron give rise to growth conditions for iron-oxidizing bacteria, which could lead to the water having an unpleasant taste, odor, and appearance. Corrosive effects can lead to deterioration of pumping materials and make the tube well dysfunctional [65]. While observing refugees collecting water, it was noted that few of the tube wells in Camp 2 needed much pressure to be applied for water to be drawn.…”

Section: Water Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking Water Security Challenges in Rohingya Refugee Camps of Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

et al. 2020

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About a million Rohingyas have fled due to the ethnic cleansing in Myanmar and sought refuge in Bangladesh. The refugees are located in temporary settlements on hilly areas of Cox’s Bazar with inadequate water and sanitation facilities, giving rise to diseases such as cholera, typhoid, and diarrhea. This exploratory study reports drinking water security challenges in two Rohingya refugee camps within the larger camp network—Camp 2 and the recently-built Camp 4 Extension (Camp 4Ext)—to discover the key everyday issues refugees are facing related to drinking water. Both qualitative and quantitative methods have been applied to determining whether contamination is occurring during the collection, transportation, and storage of drinking water by comparing the water quality at the source with that in storage. The results show that Camp 4Ext is more suited for living in several respects compared with the other camps, attributable to significantly better planning during its construction: there is a lower prevalence of diseases, lower water collection times, higher standards of sanitation, and better access to water sources. This study’s outcomes will help camp authorities and the various agencies working there to provide sustainable water and sanitation interventions to improve the wellness of the Rohingya refugees in Cox’s Bazar. The outcomes will also provide useful information and strategic direction to the global scientific and development communities who are working in refugee camps in other parts of the world, to tackle water security challenges.

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Comparative performance evaluation of handpump water-supply technologies in northern Kenya and The Gambia

2018

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The role of handpump corrosion in the contamination and failure of rural water supplies

Cited by 7 publications

References 3 publications

Urban groundwater quality in sub-Saharan Africa: current status and implications for water security and public health

Urban groundwater quality in sub-Saharan Africa: current status and implications for water security and public health

Drinking Water Security Challenges in Rohingya Refugee Camps of Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

Comparative performance evaluation of handpump water-supply technologies in northern Kenya and The Gambia

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