The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of postpartum depression

Abstract

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common complication of pregnancy in women, and its pathogenesis mainly involves disturbances of the neuroendocrine regulation, immune system, neurotransmitters, hormone secretion, and the gut microbiome. Gut microbes play essential physiological and pathological roles in the gut-brain axis’ pathways which are involved in various central nervous system (CNS) and psychiatric disorders, including PPD. Numerous studies have identified the fundamental role of the gut-brain axis in the pathogenesis and treatment of PPD patients and also correlates with other pathogenic mechanisms of PPD. Disturbances in gut microbes are associated with the disruption of multiple signaling pathways and systems that ultimately lead to PPD development. This review aimed to elucidate the potential connections between gut microbes and the established PPD network, and this might serve as a guide for the development of new efficient diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic strategies in the management of PPD.

Influence of the use of psychotropic drugs on the increase of Escherichia coli resistance

“…Las investigaciones analizadas para la realización del presente artículo de revisión bibliográfica evidencia que el consumo sin moderaciones tanto de los ATC como los ISRS pueden impactar de forma negativa en la composición y diversidad de la microbiota intestinal; (3,4,5,6,17,19,20,31,32) facilitando un entorno propicio para que bacterias que se encuentran comúnmente presentes en el tracto intestinal como Escherichia coli adquieran resistencia a antibióticos y se convierta en una cepa resistente. (3,14,28,29,33) La resistencia de E. coli representa un riesgo significativo en la salud pública ya que E. Coli tiene la capacidad de ser una bacteria portadora de plásmidos (fragmentos pequeños extracromosómicos de ADN circular), (30,34) por lo que se puede decir que en ciertas ocasiones actúa como reservorio o agente transmisor de genes de resistencia a otras bacterias a través de la conjugación; (28,30) por consecuente, se reduce la eficacia de la aplicación de tratamientos con antibióticos para tratar infecciones en la práctica médica.…”

Heart Rate Variability Measurement Can Be a Point-of-Care Sensing Tool for Screening Postpartum Depression: Differentiation from Adjustment Disorder

“…PPD is a biopsychosocial disturbance involving not only psychosocial factors, such as interpersonal relationship and perinatal stress [ 13 , 14 , 15 ], but also biological factors, including hormonal, physical, microbiological, metabolic, genetic, and physiological conditions [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. To increase the specificity of screening systems for a proper diagnosis, it may be necessary to add biological measures.…”