The Role of Gut Microbiota in Drug Response

Wilson, Ian D.; Nicholson, Jeremy K.

doi:10.2174/138161209788168173

Cited by 104 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The intestinal microbiota also affects the host metabolism, providing additional enzymes and regulating the expression of genes involved in the utilization of carbohydrates and lipids, and in drugs bioconversion (16)(17)(18). The number of genes of the collective genome (microbiome) of the microbiota exceeds by far those of the human genome, encoding additional metabolic features (17,19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of gut microbiota with functional food components and nutraceuticals

Laparra

Sanz

2010

Pharmacological Research

572

365

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The human gut is populated by an array of bacterial species, which develop important metabolic and immune functions, with a marked effect on the nutritional and health status of the host. Dietary component also play beneficial roles beyond basic nutrition, leading to the development of the functional food concept and nutraceuticals. Therefore, the intestinal microbiota is both a target for nutritional intervention and a factor influencing the biological activity of other food compounds acquired orally. This 20 review focuses on the reciprocal interactions between the gut microbiota and functional food components, and the consequences of these interactions on human health.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of gut microbiota with functional food components and nutraceuticals

Laparra

Sanz

2010

Pharmacological Research

572

365

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Notably, microbial CYPs are also of clinical importance due mainly to the metabolic capacity that exists in the microflora of the gut. Differences in the composition of these microbes can account for some of the intra-and interindividual differences in drug metabolism and can lead to unexpected metabolic outcomes [78,79]. Gut microflora have been implicated in the metabolism of a number of different drugs including sulfasalazine, sulfinpyrazone, metronidazole, digoxin, isosorbide, flucytosine, and levodopa [1,80].…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species Differences of Drug‐Metabolizing Enzymes

DeKeyser

Shou

2012

Encyclopedia of Drug Metabolism and Interactions

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The prediction of human pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and toxicity from preclinical data remains an important goal in the drug discovery and development process to minimize risk to participants during first in human studies. Animal models are commonly used in the preclinical development of new drugs; however, significant differences exist between species. These are due largely to alterations in isoform composition, regulation, expression, and catalytic activities of drug‐metabolizing enzymes (DMEs), particularly cytochromes P450 (CYPs), which play a critical role in numerous oxidative reactions of drugs. Although the reliability of animal testing to predict concentration‐dependent efficacy and toxicity in humans has been questioned; it is generally believed that data from animal studies can be reasonably extrapolated to humans using appropriate drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic principles. In this chapter, the authors describe the similarities and differences of major CYPs and other enzymes in their gene and protein structure, catalytic activity, enzyme kinetics and inhibition, and induction response between the various preclinical species and humans. These comparisons help to better understand underlying mechanisms responsible for the differences and address the question of whether animal data can be extrapolated to humans with regard to drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. In conclusion, the DMEs show appreciable interspecies differences from structure to function, and caution must be taken when extrapolating metabolism data from animal models to humans.

show abstract

“…Xu et al (15) suggested that the soy products produced via the gut microbiota affected the CYP isoenzymes responsible for estrogen hydroxylation. There are numerous other instances of effects of microbiota dietary-derived compounds modulating xenobiotic metabolizing systems (13).…”

Section: Microbiomes and Drug Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drugs, bugs, and personalized medicine: Pharmacometabonomics enters the ring

Wilson

2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Role of Gut Microbiota in Drug Response

Cited by 104 publications

References 28 publications

Interactions of gut microbiota with functional food components and nutraceuticals

Interactions of gut microbiota with functional food components and nutraceuticals

Species Differences of Drug‐Metabolizing Enzymes

Drugs, bugs, and personalized medicine: Pharmacometabonomics enters the ring

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About