The role of gut microbiota in the development of colorectal cancer: a review

Koyande, Navami; Gangopadhyay, Madhusree; Thatikonda, Shashidhar; Rengan, Aravind Kumar

doi:10.1007/s00384-022-04192-w

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…Bacterial infiltration in the intestine with concomitant mucosal inflammation facilitates the development of intestinal adenomas [32]. During CAC development, Tregs develop and coexist with Th cells that mediate immune responses to foreign or self-antigens under inflammatory conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

STAT6 controls the stability and suppressive function of regulatory T cells

et al. 2023

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Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) promotes tumorigenesis by decreasing the Forkhead box P3+ (Foxp3+) cell frequency allowing for the infiltration of inflammatory cells during the early stages of colitis‐associated cancer (CAC). In this study, we dissected the role of STAT6 in the generation of inducible in vitro regulatory T cells (iTregs) and peripheral in vivo Tregs (pTregs) under inflammatory conditions. In in vitro assays, when STAT6 was lacking, iTregs preserved a stable phenotype and expressed high levels of Foxp3 and CD25 during long expansion periods, even in the presence of IL‐6. This effect was associated with increased in vitro suppressive ability, over‐expression of programmed death‐1 (PD‐1), CTLA‐4, and Foxp3, and decreased IFN‐γ expression. Furthermore, iTregs developed during STAT6 deficiency showed a higher demethylation status for the FOXP3 Treg‐specific demethylated region (TSDR), coupled with lower DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) mRNA expression, suggesting that STAT6 may lead to Foxp3 silencing. Using a mouse model of CAC, the STAT6‐/‐ pTregs expressed a more activated phenotype at the intestine, had higher suppressive capacity, and expressed more significant levels of PD‐1 and latency‐associated peptide of TGF‐β (LAP) associated with their ability to attenuate tumor development. These data suggest that STAT6 signaling impairs the induction, stability, and suppressive capacity of Tregs developed in vitro or in vivo during gut inflammation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

STAT6 controls the stability and suppressive function of regulatory T cells

et al. 2023

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“…Another emerging field of multi-omics technologies is microbiomics which offers a non-traditional tool with potential applications in more significant comprehension of tumour biology. Identifying microbial metabolites correlated with the development of colorectal tumours has significant implications for identifying new treatment targets and possible biomarkers for disease screening [ 194 ]. There has been significant progress in recently using intestinal bacteria and their metabolites as early detection markers for CRC.…”

Section: Future Perspectives and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Omics Approaches in Colorectal Cancer Screening and Diagnosis, Recent Updates and Future Perspectives

Ullah

Yang

Yin

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is common Cancer as well as the third leading cause of mortality around the world; its exact molecular mechanism remains elusive. Although CRC risk is significantly correlated with genetic factors, the pathophysiology of CRC is also influenced by external and internal exposures and their interactions with genetic factors. The field of CRC research has recently benefited from significant advances through Omics technologies for screening biomarkers, including genes, transcripts, proteins, metabolites, microbiome, and lipidome unbiasedly. A promising application of omics technologies could enable new biomarkers to be found for the screening and diagnosis of CRC. Single-omics technologies cannot fully understand the molecular mechanisms of CRC. Therefore, this review article aims to summarize the multi-omics studies of Colorectal cancer, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, microbiomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics that may shed new light on the discovery of novel biomarkers. It can contribute to identifying and validating new CRC biomarkers and better understanding colorectal carcinogenesis. Discovering biomarkers through multi-omics technologies could be difficult but valuable for disease genotyping and phenotyping. That can provide a better knowledge of CRC prognosis, diagnosis, and treatments.

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“…Pro-inflammatory pathogens and microorganisms are associated with metabolism, and metabolic disturbances are more common in the patients with colorectal cancers. 63 Some polysaccharides with probiotic-like activities have been reported to help colon cancer patients restore their abnormal flora. 64 The polysaccharides extracted from Albuca bracteata (ABPs) were homogeneous polysaccharides with glucose and mannose as the main monosaccharides.…”

Section: ■ Polysaccharides and Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gut microbiota is vital for maintaining homeostasis of the intestinal system. Pro-inflammatory pathogens and microorganisms are associated with metabolism, and metabolic disturbances are more common in the patients with colorectal cancers . Some polysaccharides with probiotic-like activities have been reported to help colon cancer patients restore their abnormal flora .…”

Section: Polysaccharides and Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting mTOR Signaling by Dietary Polysaccharides in Cancer Prevention: Advances and Challenges

Guo

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Cancer is the most serious problem for public health. Traditional treatments often come with unavoidable side effects. Therefore, the therapeutic effects of natural products with wide sources and low toxicity are attracting more and more attention. Polysaccharides have been shown to have cancer-fighting potential, but the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway has become an attractive target of antitumor therapy research in recent years. The regulation of mTOR pathway not only affects cell proliferation and growth but also has an important effect in tumor metabolism. Recent studies indicate that dietary polysaccharides play a vital role in cancer prevention and treatment by regulating mTOR pathway. Here, the progress in targeting mTOR signaling by dietary polysaccharides in cancer prevention and their molecular mechanisms are systemically summarized. It will promote the understanding of the anticancer effects of polysaccharides and provide reference to investigators of this cutting edge field.

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The role of gut microbiota in the development of colorectal cancer: a review

Cited by 19 publications

References 165 publications

STAT6 controls the stability and suppressive function of regulatory T cells

STAT6 controls the stability and suppressive function of regulatory T cells

Multi-Omics Approaches in Colorectal Cancer Screening and Diagnosis, Recent Updates and Future Perspectives

Targeting mTOR Signaling by Dietary Polysaccharides in Cancer Prevention: Advances and Challenges

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