The Role of Glomerulosclerosis and Tubular Atrophy as Determining Factor for Reduced Kidney Function in Kidney Stone Disease

Abstract

Background: Kidney fibrosis including glomerulosclerosis (GS) and tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) or tubular atrophy (TA) may be predictor of kidney dysfunction. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a common laboratory examination to estimate the kidney function. The aim of this research is to determine relationship between histologic features namely glomerulosclerosis (GS) and tubular atrophy (TA), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in kidney stone disease. Methods: A cross-sectional study in a total of the 63 patients with kidney stone consisted of 25 (39.7 %) males and 38 (60.3 %) females, aged (51 ± 11 years), Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 16 (8-62) mg/dl, serum creatinine 1.26 ( 0.47-6.76 ) mg/dl and eGFR 61.4 ± 32.1 ml/min. Histologic features showed GS index 6 (0-30) and TA index 892 ± 333. There was significant correlation between eGFR and GS index dan TA index(r -0,577; p=0.001 and 0,514;p = 0,001, consecutively). Multivariate regresion equations were eLFG = 67,21 -1.63 (GS index) and eLFG = 67,21 + 0,01 (TA index). Estimated GFR may be used as a marker of glomerulosclerosis and tubular atrophy in obstructive nephropathy of kidney stone patients.Keywords: kidney; fibrosis; filtration; glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy. INTRODUCTIONRenal fibrosis is a main feature of the microscopic anatomy of renal pathology, characterized by glomerulosclerosis (GS) and tubulointerstitial fibrosis or tubular atrophy (TA), with clinical manifestations of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This condition may progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) which required renal replacement therapy such as dialysis and kidney transplantation. The most common causes of CKD are glomerulonephritis, metabolic disease, obstructive nephropathy, interstitial nephritis and nephropathy diseases including cystic kidney disease.1 The incidence and prevalence of CKD in the world is on the rise, threatening to ESRD for the next decade, not all countries are able to overcome this problem. In the UK, the incidence and prevalence of ESRD approximately 10% and 60 %, in Europe an average 13 % and 70 %, and in the United States approximately 33 % and 140 %.

Dietary chloride levels affect performance and eggshell quality of laying hens by substitution of sodium sulfate for sodium chloride

“…Serum levels of CRE, an indicator of kidney function, was also increased by the diets with the level of 0.06% Cl. The observed tubular atrophy and higher CRE level may indicate kidney impairment ( Benjamin, 1985 , Yadav et al., 2015 , Oka and Raka-Widiana, 2015 ) induced by complete substitution of NaCl by Na 2 SO 4 in the experiment diets, which might be responsible for the depression in performance.…”

Correlation of depression, anxiety and stress level on dry eye disease severity

“…The effects of cortisol are mobilizing proteins from muscle and fatty acids from adipose tissue, increasing liver fat, and anti-inflammatory response. Psychosomatic disorders, depression, can contribute to physical complaints and lower pain thresholds and can interact with each other (Oka and Raka-Widiana, 2015) In theory, OSDI is a questionnaire that assesses the frequency of DED to diagnose DED. From previous studies, OSDI and TBUT have a significant correlation in assessing DED compared to Schirmer.…”