The Role of Glass Compounds in Autoclaved Bricks

Stępień, Anna; Potrzeszcz-Sut, Beata; Prentice, Dale P.; Oey, Tandré; Balonis, Magdalena

doi:10.3390/buildings10030041

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…In the GG sample, the synthesis products were formed in the spaces between and on the surface of the glass aggregate; however, they are much less dense/packed and reveal a lower crystallisation degree. The products formed in the studied samples resemble hydrated calcium silicates typical of the standard sand-lime products [44]. Based on the microstructure observation, it can be concluded that their development degree varies according to the waste glass colour used.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…The compressive strength of the WG samples was 11.1% higher than that of the GG samples. The use of waste glass as a substitute for quartz sand was also found to have improved the compressive strength in the study of Stępie ń and all [44]. The hydration temperature of lime with the increasing share of WG was lowered, hence it can be deducted that hydration of lime during the production of autoclaved samples provided adequate chemical bonds, and as a result strength of samples increased.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Utilization of Waste Glass in Autoclaved Silica–Lime Materials

Borek

Czapik

2022

Materials

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This paper aims to investigate the possibility of using waste glass of different colours as a complete substitute for quartz sand in autoclaved silica–lime samples. On the one hand, this increases the possibility of recycling waste glass; on the other hand, it allows obtaining autoclaved materials with better properties. In this research, reference samples with quartz sand (R) and white (WG), brown (BG), and green (GG) waste container glass were made. Parameters such as compressive strength, bulk density, and water absorption were examined on all samples. The samples were examined using a scanning electron microscope with an energy dispersive spectroscopy detector (SEM/EDS) and subjected to X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The WG samples showed 187% higher compressive strength, BG by 159%, and GG by 134% compared to sample R. In comparison to the reference sample, volumetric density was 16.8% lower for sample WG, 13.2% lower for BG, and 7.1% lower for GG. Water absorption increased as bulk density decreased. The WG sample achieved the highest water absorption value, 15.84%. An X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the presence of calcite, portlandite, and tobermorite phases. Depending on the silica aggregate used, there were differences in phase composition linked to compressive strength. Hydrated calcium silicates with varying crystallisation degrees were visible in the microstructure image.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Utilization of Waste Glass in Autoclaved Silica–Lime Materials

Borek

Czapik

2022

Materials

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“…Due to its basic feature, which is the ability to generalize knowledge for new, previously unknown data, NNs are widely used in various scientific and engineering fields. Comprehensive reviews of the use of NNs in civil engineering have been presented in the literature, e.g., see [33][34][35][36][37][38]. In addition, networks can be formulated to analyze different regression problems by providing input/output data according to Paez's classification [39].…”

Section: The Application Of Nn To Analyze Regression and Identificati...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Application of a Hybrid Method for the Identification of Elastic–Plastic Material Parameters

Potrzeszcz-Sut

Dudzik

2022

Materials

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The indentation test is a popular method for the investigation of the mechanical properties of materials. The technique, which combines traditional indentation tests with mapping the shape of the imprint, provides more data describing the material parameters. In this paper, such methodology is employed for estimating the selected material parameters described by Ramberg–Osgood’s law, i.e., Young’s modulus, the yield point, and the material hardening exponent. Two combined identification methods were used: the P-A procedure, in which the material parameters are identified on the basis of the coordinates of the indentation curves, and the P-C procedure, which uses the coordinates describing the imprint profile. The inverse problem was solved by neural networks. The results of numerical indentation tests—pairs of coordinates describing the indentation curves and imprint profiles—were used as input data for the networks. In order to reduce the size of the input vector, a simple and effective method of approximating the branches of the curves was proposed. In the results section, we show the performance of the approximation as a data reduction mechanism on a synthetic dataset. The sparse model generated by the presented approach is also shown to efficiently reconstruct the data while minimizing error in the prediction of the mentioned material parameters. Our approach appeared to consistently provide better performance on the testing datasets with considerably easier computation than the principal component analysis compression results available in the literature.

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“…However, recycled products [ 20 , 21 ], polypropylene mesh [ 22 ], other production wastes and leachate from landfills [ 23 , 24 ] were also taken into account. The newest research on the sand-lime products is also based on their modification with waste glass in the form of glass sand and glass cullet [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Similarly to cement composites, these studies have shown that the increase in the amount of glass sand contributes to the higher compressive strength of these products, while the bulk density and water absorption of these samples is lower [ 25 , 26 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The newest research on the sand-lime products is also based on their modification with waste glass in the form of glass sand and glass cullet [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Similarly to cement composites, these studies have shown that the increase in the amount of glass sand contributes to the higher compressive strength of these products, while the bulk density and water absorption of these samples is lower [ 25 , 26 , 28 ]. These tests completely described the changes in the microstructure resulting from the modifications to the composition of the initial mixture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Conductivity of Sand-Lime Products Modified with Foam Glass Granulate

2021

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Waste glass constitutes a significant part of general waste worldwide. Unfortunately, only a small percentage is recycled. It is, therefore, quite important that it can be applied in the production of construction materials. The main aim of this article is to determine the thermal conductivity of the products modified with granulated foam glass (GFG) (recycled product) of the 0.25–0.5 mm fraction, as well as to indicate dependence of the change in volume density of samples caused by the use of GFG and the change of the thermal conductivity coefficient compared to reference samples. For the purpose of this research, various parameters were examined i.a. volume density, water absorption, determination of the pore size distribution by mercury porosimetry and determination of the heat conduction coefficient with the use of a plate apparatus. The test results were developed on the basis of a mathematical model that determined the influence of the filler on the functional properties of the product. The research has shown that the use of GFG in the sand-lime products will contribute to lowering their thermal conductivity by more than 50% compared to traditional products.

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The Role of Glass Compounds in Autoclaved Bricks

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

Utilization of Waste Glass in Autoclaved Silica–Lime Materials

Utilization of Waste Glass in Autoclaved Silica–Lime Materials

The Application of a Hybrid Method for the Identification of Elastic–Plastic Material Parameters

Thermal Conductivity of Sand-Lime Products Modified with Foam Glass Granulate

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