The role of gibberellin and the hulls in the control of germination in <i>Aegilops Kotschyi</i> caryopses

Wurzburger, Judith; Leshem, Y.; Koller, D.

doi:10.1139/b74-209

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…A delayed germination in the smaller seeds of several Aegilops has also been observed in natural conditions (i.e. with seeds enclosed in the dispersal unit) and explained by the influences of both maternal and sibling factors, through the presence of an inhibitor in the glumes, internal levels of gibbellerins or competition for essential metabolites among sibling seeds (Lavie et al ., 1974; Wurzburger and Leshem, 1967; Wurzburger and Leshem, 1969; Wurzburger and Koller, 1973; Dyer, 2004). However, the implications of such constrains on the emergence phenology in nature were not well understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed heteromorphy influences seed longevity in Aegilops

et al. 2018

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The genus Aegilops belongs to the secondary gene pool of wheat and has great importance for wheat cultivar improvement. As a genus with only annual species, regeneration from seeds in Aegilops is crucial. In several species in Aegilops, spikes produce different seed morphs, both in size and germination patterns. However, little is known about the ecology of seed germination, nor about the seed longevity in this genus. Here we investigated the germination phenology of Ae. neglecta under laboratory and field conditions and assessed longevity of different seed morphs of five additional Aegilops species using controlled ageing tests. Large seeds were short-lived and germinated faster than small seeds in most of the species. Field experiments with Ae. neglecta showed that large seeds of the dimorphic pair germinated 3 months after dispersal in contrast to 14 months for smaller seeds. Differences in longevity were detected not only in dimorphic seed pairs, but also among seeds from different positions on the spike. Our results indicate that different longevities in seed morphs of Aegilops may reflect a different soil seed bank persistence, with smaller seeds able to maintain a higher viability after dispersal than larger ones, thereby spreading seedling emergence over two years. Differences of seed germination and longevities between seed morphs in Aegilops may have important implications for ex situ seed conservation and reinforce the hypothesis of a bet-hedging strategy in the germination ecology of this genus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed heteromorphy influences seed longevity in Aegilops

et al. 2018

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“…Additionally, this response may be a combination of both physical and embryo dormancy. Wurzburger (1974) stated that the glumes in Aegilops might act not only as a physical barrier to the entry of oxygen but also as a biochemical barrier to germination.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining Physiological Maturation of Jointed Goatgrass (Aegilops cylindricaHost) Caryopses

2006

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Information on jointed goatgrass caryopsis development is currently lacking in published literature. It is hoped that through a better understanding of jointed goatgrass caryopsis ontogeny more effective weed-management strategies will be developed. Greenhouse experiments were initiated in fall 2002 and 2003 and completed the following spring seasons. Jointed goatgrass plants were started from spikelets, vernalized for 8 wk at 4 C, and grown in a greenhouse. Treatments were the number of days after anthesis (DAA) that a spike was allowed to remain on the plant before harvesting and ranged from 2 to 34 DAA, in increments of 1 (2002) or 2 (2003) d. Individual spikes were divided at harvest into three sections: top, middle, and bottom, disarticulated from the rachis, placed into a germinator, and germination recorded each day. Goatgrass spikelets germinated as early as 2 DAA, although spikelets harvested <7 DAA had <3% germination for all spike sections and were extremely variable, especially for the middle and bottom sections. Time to germination was similar for all sections of the spike. Maximum average germination of the top section was 72% compared with 86% for the bottom and middle sections. Our data suggest that factors other than developmental rate (i.e., dormancy) may affect germination in sections of the spike. A second year of the experiment was conducted for validation. Model validation suggested that although trends were similar in both years, variation in germination response might be too great for accurate, predictive model construction. The early germination shown in this research demonstrates that control measures must be implemented earlier than previously prescribed to prevent jointed goatgrass reproduction.

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“…Addition of 20 mM KNO3 to the pH 3 buffer plus GA3 did not further increase germination (Table 1). Frankland and Wareing (1966) and Wurzburger et al (1974) reported enhanced germination response to GA3 after disruptions of structures enclosing the seeds. Of the several methods available, scarification in concentrated H2SO4 (density 1.83) seemed most convenient for use on B. vulgaris.…”

Section: Data Presented Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responsivencess of Intact and Scarified Seeds of Barbarea vulgaris to Gibberellic Acid and Changes in Phytochrome

Taylorson

1976

Physiologia Plantarum

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Either red light or millimolar levels of gibberellic acid promoted germination of seeds of yellow rocket (Barbarea vulgaris R. Br.), and their effects were generally additive. Buffering the substrate pH at 3.0, addition of 20 mM nitrate to the substrate, preliminary incubation at 10 or 30°C, and brief scarification of the seeds increased responsiveness of the seeds to gibberellic acid. Scarification increased several thousandfold the sensitivity of the seeds to gibberellic acid. Pretreatment of the seeds in darkness or far‐red light did not lower their responsiveness to gibberellic acid. These results suggest that uptake of gibberellic acid is a limiting factor in the stimulation of germination in intact seeds and that there is only a minimal requirement for active phytochrome to express gibberellic acid action.

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The role of gibberellin and the hulls in the control of germination in Aegilops Kotschyi caryopses

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Seed heteromorphy influences seed longevity in Aegilops

Seed heteromorphy influences seed longevity in Aegilops

Determining Physiological Maturation of Jointed Goatgrass (Aegilops cylindricaHost) Caryopses

Responsivencess of Intact and Scarified Seeds of Barbarea vulgaris to Gibberellic Acid and Changes in Phytochrome

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