The Role of Genes Combination in Essential Arterial Hypertension

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the association of AGT (T704C) and VDR (1056T/C) genes polymorphisms combination with essential hypertension (EH). Design and method: The study involved 100 patients suffering from PAH with target-organ damaging, moderate, high or very high cardiovascular risk. Among them there were 79.0% (79) women and 21.0% (21) men, average age 59.87 ± 8.02 yo. The control group involved 30 practically healthy persons, matched by age (43.36 ± 7.1 y) and gender (62.5% women, 37.5% men). All enrolled / screened patients signed the Informed Consent to participate in the research. The genes polymorphism AGT (704 T > C) and VDR (1056T/C) was studied with PCR based method. Results: The genotypes distribution of the AGT (704T > C) and VDR (1056T/C) genes genotypes in patients vs control group did not differ reliably and was as follows: for AGT gene TT-, TC- and CC –genotypes - 13.89% vs 16.67%, 59.72% vs 54.17% and CC-genotype - 26.39% vs 29.17%; for VDR gene AA-, AG-, GG-genotypes – 23.0% vs 30.0%, 50.0% vs 46.67%, 27.0% vs 23.33% (p > 0.05) accordingly. Distribution of polymorphic variants of both genes corresponded to the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (p > 0.05). The distribution of mutant genotypes combinations of both genes in study and control groups was as follows: TC + AG - 31.94% vs 29.17% (p > 0.05), TC + GG – 16.67% vs 8.33% (p > 0.05), TT + AG – 8.33% vs 4.17% (p > 0.05), TT + GG – 4.17% vs 8.33% (p > 0.05). The polymorphic variant combinations of both genes don’t influence the risk of EH in observed population. However, in AA-genotypes carrier of VDR gene hypertensive women increased a risk of EH almost 3 times [OR = 3.08; 95% CI: 1.02–10.25; p = 0.047]. Conclusions: Thus, the mutant genotypes combinations of AGT (T704C) and VDR (1056T/C) genes don’t influence the risk of EH in population. However, AA-genotype of VDR gene in hypertensive women elevated risk of EH 3 times.