The role of galanin in the differentiation of mucosal mast cells in mice

Yamaguchi, Tomoko; Ikeda, Yoshiki; Tashiro, Kentaro; Ohkawa, Yasuyuki; Kono, Kenji

doi:10.1002/eji.201848061

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The authors suggest that GAL that is released from the submucosal plexus may contribute to the proliferation and differentiation of MMCs during ongoing enteritis (92). In a rat model of experimentally induced acute colitis via 2,4,6trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS), GAL administration resulted in a reduction in macroscopic damage in the colonic mucosa (93).…”

Section: Organ Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Occurrence and Distribution of Galanin in the Physiological and Inflammatory States in the Mammalian Gastrointestinal Tract

Brzozowska

Całka

2021

Front. Immunol.

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Galanin (GAL) is a broad-spectrum peptide that was first identified 37 years ago. GAL, which acts through three specific receptor subtypes, is one of the most important molecules on an ever-growing list of neurotransmitters. Recent studies indicate that this peptide is commonly present in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and GAL distribution can be seen in the enteric nervous system (ENS). The function of the GAL in the gastrointestinal tract is, inter alia, to regulate motility and secretion. It should be noted that the distribution of neuropeptides is largely dependent on the research model, as well as the part of the gastrointestinal tract under study. During the development of digestive disorders, fluctuations in GAL levels were observed. The occurrence of GAL largely depends on the stage of the disease, e.g., in porcine experimental colitis GAL secretion is caused by infection with Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. Many authors have suggested that increased GAL presence is related to the involvement of GAL in organ renewal. Additionally, it is tempting to speculate that GAL may be used in the treatment of gastroenteritis. This review aims to present the function of GAL in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract under physiological conditions. In addition, since GAL is undoubtedly involved in the regulation of inflammatory processes, and the aim of this publication is to provide up-to-date knowledge of the distribution of GAL in experimental models of gastrointestinal inflammation, which may help to accurately determine the role of this peptide in inflammatory diseases and its potential future use in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.

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Section: Organ Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Occurrence and Distribution of Galanin in the Physiological and Inflammatory States in the Mammalian Gastrointestinal Tract

Brzozowska

Całka

2021

Front. Immunol.

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“…Galanin, an important neurotransmitter, has also been shown to have neuroprotective effects in both the central and peripheral nervous systems [ 9 ]. Meanwhile, GAL has been shown to be involved in the differentiation of mucosal-type mast cell (MMCs) in vivo, while In the same study, the authors suggest that GAL released from the submucosal neurons may contribute to the differentiation and proliferation of MMC during enteritis [ 36 ]. Taledo et al discovered that chronic galanin administration exerts a beneficial effect on the animal model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as evidenced by an improvement in the repair process [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of NSAIDs Supplementation on the PACAP-, SP- and GAL-Immunoreactive Neurons in the Porcine Jejunum

Brzozowska

Jana

Całka

2021

IJMS

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Side effects associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) treatment are a serious limitation of their use in anti-inflammatory therapy. The negative effects of taking NSAIDs include abdominal pain, indigestion nausea as well as serious complications such as bleeding and perforation. The enteric nervous system is involved in regulation of gastrointestinal functions through the release of neurotransmitters. The present study was designed to determine, for the first time, the changes in pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), substance P (SP) and galanin (GAL) expression in porcine jejunum after long-term treatment with aspirin, indomethacin and naproxen. The study was performed on 16 immature pigs. The animals were randomly divided into four experimental groups: control, aspirin, indomethacin and naproxen. Control animals were given empty gelatin capsules, while animals in the test groups received selected NSAIDs for 28 days. Next, animals from each group were euthanized. Frozen sections were prepared from collected jejunum and subjected to double immunofluorescence staining. NSAIDs supplementation caused a significant increase in the population of PACAP-, SP- and GAL-containing enteric neurons in the porcine jejunum. Our results suggest the participation of the selected neurotransmitters in regulatory processes of the gastrointestinal function and may indicate the direct toxic effect of NSAIDs on the ENS neurons.

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“…Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), innate immune effector cells from the myeloid lineage that influence tissue development, homeostasis, and immune surveillance, may also suppress or promote tumor growth 13,14 . Migration of mast cells(derived from bone-marrow hematopoietic progenitors) from vascular to peripheral tissues may promote tumor growth 15,16 . There is evidence that TME not only plays a significant role in cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis but also influences the effectiveness of targeted therapy 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and validation of immunotypes for clear cell RCC prognosis

Yang¹,

Zhou²,

Xue³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Purpose To develop an immunotype-based prognostic model for predicting the overall survival (OS) of patients with clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC). We explored novel immunotypes of patients with ccRCC, particularly those associated with overall survival. A risk-metastasis model was constructed by integrating the immunotypes with immune genes and used to test the accuracy of the immunotype model. Patients and Methods Patient cohort data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, Renji database, and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We employed the R software to select 3 immune cells and construct an immunotype-based prediction model. Immune genes selected using random Forest Algorithm were validated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The H&L risk-metastasis model was constructed to assess the accuracy of the immunotype model through Multivariate COX regression analysis. Result Patients with ccRCC were categorized into immunotype H subgroup and immunotype L subgroup based on the overall survival rates. The immunotypes were found to be the independent prognostic index for ccRCC prognosis. As such, we constructed a new immunotypes-based SSIGN model. Three immune genes associated with difference between immunotype H and L were identified. An H&L risk-metastasis model was constructed to evaluate the accuracy of the immunotype model. Compared to the W-Risk-metastasis model which did not incorporate immunotypes, the H&L risk-metastasis model was more precise in predicting the survival of ccRCC patients. Conclusion The established immunotype model can effectively predict the survival of ccRCC patients. Except for mast cells, T cells and macrophages are positively associated with the overall survival of patients. The three immune genes identified, herein, can predict the survival rate of ccRCC patients, and expression of these immune genes is strongly linked to poor survival. The new SSIGN model provides an accurate tool for predicting the survival of ccRCC patients. H&L risk-metastasis model can effectively predict the risk of tumor metastasis.

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The role of galanin in the differentiation of mucosal mast cells in mice

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Review: Occurrence and Distribution of Galanin in the Physiological and Inflammatory States in the Mammalian Gastrointestinal Tract

Review: Occurrence and Distribution of Galanin in the Physiological and Inflammatory States in the Mammalian Gastrointestinal Tract

Effect of NSAIDs Supplementation on the PACAP-, SP- and GAL-Immunoreactive Neurons in the Porcine Jejunum

Identification and validation of immunotypes for clear cell RCC prognosis

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