The role of GABA neurotransmitter in the human central nervous system, physiology, and pathophysiology

Paz, Lenin Ochoa-de la; Gulías-Cañizo, Rosario; Ruíz-Leyja, Estela D ́Abril; Sánchez-Castillo, Hugo; Parodí, Jorge

doi:10.24875/rmn.20000050

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Sodium valproate exhibits its effect by increasing the concentrations of GABA in the brain, probably by inhibiting the enzymes responsible for its catabolism, and also it blocks neural excitability by inhibiting voltage-dependent Na + channels (28). The elevated level of inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in the brain caused neural hyperpolarization by Clinflux and thus inhibiting neural impulse transmission (29). The protection of chicks against PTZ-induced seizures by sodium valproate is expected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticonvulsant and antioxidant activities of crude flavonoid extract of Matricaria chamomilla L. against convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazole in chicks

Suleiman¹,

Hassan²

2022

IJVS

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In the current study, crude flavonoid extract of Matricaria chamomilla L. (MC) was used to evaluate anticonvulsant, and antioxidant activities on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced convulsion in chicks. The biochemical estimation was done by measuring brain tissue neurotransmitters (gamma-aminobutyric acid GABA and glutamate), oxidative stress biomarkers in serum (catalase CAT, glutathione reductase GR, malondialdehyde MDA, and 8-isoprostane), serum electrolytes (potassium Ka + , sodium Na + , chloride Cl -, ionized calcium iCa 2+ , total calcium TCa 2+ ), pH of serum, and glucose level in serum. Seventy-two broiler chicks (2 weeks old) were randomly divided into six groups (n=12): The first group (negative control) received the normal saline subcutaneous injection, the second group (positive control) received PTZ 90 mg/kg subcutaneous injection, and the third group treated with sodium valproate (SV) 200mg/kg orally. The fourth, fifth and sixth groups treated with 20, 40, 80 mg/kg of crude flavonoid extract of MC respectively orally for six days before PTZ injection. Thirty minutes post-treatment of the last dose, the chicks in the (third to sixth) groups received PTZ. The results showed that the crude flavonoid extract of MC attenuated the convulsion signs and mortality dose-dependently. The pre-treated crude flavonoid extract at the dose of 80mg/kg showed a significant increase in the serum level of Na + and iCa 2+ , and a decrease in 8-isoprostane. In conclusion: the crude flavonoid extract of MC 80mg/kg possesses mild to moderate anticonvulsant and antioxidant effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticonvulsant and antioxidant activities of crude flavonoid extract of Matricaria chamomilla L. against convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazole in chicks

Suleiman¹,

Hassan²

2022

IJVS

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“…γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). Through the GABAergic pathway, GABA acts a significant role in neuronal development by regulating neural differentiation, migration, proliferation, etc [1], [2]. Fundamentally, the functions of GABA are exhibited by binding to three distinct receptors which are GABA A , GABA B , and GABA C receptors [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the GABA receptors, GABA A has the highest expression level along with the CNS and is primarily responsible for fast inhibition in the brain [6]. The chemical structure of GABA A receptors contains five distinct subunits which are α (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6) , β (1)(2)(3) , γ (1)(2)(3) , δ, ͼ, ϴ, π, ρ (1-3) [7]. In general, GABA A receptors that are widely expressed in the mammalian brain contain two α, two β, and one γ chains, and this conformation of GABA A receptors enables phasic inhibition which is fast and temporaneous through rapid desensitizing of postsynaptic receptors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moleküler Yanaştırma Yöntemiyle GABAA Reseptörü İçin Sanal İlaç Tarama: Umut Veren Digoksin Türevleri

PORTAKAL

2023

Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry

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In the central nervous system (CNS) of mammalian species, ℽ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter due to it regulates neuronal development through leading neural differentiation, proliferation, migration, etc. GABAA receptor is the major GABA receptor since it has the highest expression level among the other GABA receptors within CNS. Many pieces of evidence prove that the defects in the GABAergic pathway might give rise to serious diseases such as schizophrenia, epilepsy, anxiety, depression, insomnia, etc. In this study drug library with a totally of 8170 ligands consists of three distinct datasets which are FDA-approved Drugs, Drugs Approved by World but not FDA, and Non-human Metabolites have been screened for the allosteric site of the GABAA receptor with PyRx Virtual Screening Tool and ligand-receptor interactions have been analyzed with Biovia Discovery Studio software. Results reveal that Digoxin and its two distinct derivatives (DD1 and DD2), as well as Conivaptan, are promising in the treatment of GABAergic pathway-based disorders. The findings of this report should be verified with further molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and the ligands should be tested by both in vitro and in vivo studies.

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“…In our opinion, certain two neurophysiological models for the etiology of schizophrenic symptoms that relate to one classical neurotransmitter, which is γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (Roberts, 1972 , 1976 ), and one neuropeptide/neuromodulator which is cholecystokinin-CCK (Hockfelt et al, 1980a , b ), although about 40 years old, when combined with very recent relevant research (Whissell et al, 2015 , 2019 ; Ballaz and Bourin, 2021a , b ; Ballaz et al, 2021 ; Ochoa-de la Paz et al, 2021 ), prove their contribution to understanding schizophrenia. The two models are not in conflict but complement each other Nestoros, 1980a .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The interneurons have a crucial role in neural processing, impinging on behaviors such as fear, social interaction, anxiety, locomotion, cognition, information processing and memory. So, dysfunctions in interneuron signaling affect the behavioral functions and have implications to the many psychiatric and neurological disorders (Ochoa-de la Paz et al, 2021 ). Interneurons have many subtypes and contribute differentially to behavioral patterns in health and disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infra-Low Frequency Neurofeedback rapidly ameliorates schizophrenia symptoms: A case report of the first session

Nestoros

Vallianatou

2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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A 38-year-old army officer started therapy in 2020 with a four-year history of auditory hallucinations and delusions of reference, persecution and grandeur, symptoms that were resistant to traditional antipsychotic medications. He follows an integrative psychotherapy program that aims to reduce his anxiety, continues his antipsychotic medications, and has Infra-Low Frequency Neurofeedback. After his initial assessment he had a 40 min session of Infra-Low Frequency Neurofeedback before any other kind of intervention. Before and immediately after the session he completed the SCL-90 scale and the Visual Analog Scale covering 20 aspects of his psychological and physical state as well as his schizophrenic symptoms. This first Neurofeedback session had dramatic effects on his psychotic symptoms, levels of anxiety and psychosomatic condition, before his first psychotherapy session and/or any changes in his antipsychotic medication. The above results have great importance due to the severity and chronicity of schizophrenia. Informed consent was obtained from the participant for the publication of this case report (including all data and images).

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The role of GABA neurotransmitter in the human central nervous system, physiology, and pathophysiology

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Anticonvulsant and antioxidant activities of crude flavonoid extract of Matricaria chamomilla L. against convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazole in chicks

Anticonvulsant and antioxidant activities of crude flavonoid extract of Matricaria chamomilla L. against convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazole in chicks

Moleküler Yanaştırma Yöntemiyle GABAA Reseptörü İçin Sanal İlaç Tarama: Umut Veren Digoksin Türevleri

Infra-Low Frequency Neurofeedback rapidly ameliorates schizophrenia symptoms: A case report of the first session

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