The role of fractions from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in the genesis of inflammatory response

Abstract

The influx of inflammatory cells towards the peritoneal cavity in rats inoculated intraperitoneally with subcellular preparations of the fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis was studied. In addition to the dead fungus, also fractions F1 of the cell wall, which mainly consisted of polysaccharides and the lipid extract, induced intense cell migration 4 hr after inoculation, with a greatly increased number of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN). Study of the kinetics of cell influx showed that both fraction F1 and the lipid extract initially induced intense PMN migration between the 4th and 24th hr after inoculation of these agents, followed by migration of mononuclear cells (MN) around the 48th hr. We also observed that migration of these cells increased gradually after inoculation of growing doses of fraction F1. The present data suggest that polysaccharides and lipids isolated from P. brasiliensis may participate in the initial phase of the inflammatory response in paracoccidioidomycosis.

Phenotypic and functional characterization of pulmonary macrophages subpopulations after intratracheal injection of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis cell wall components

“…After dried, the resulting powder was named as F1 fraction containing a complex of ␤-1,3 ␤-1,6 glucan and chitin. Further biochemical characterisation of F1 fraction was performed using KBr discs in a Shimadzu ® spectrophotometer as described previously (Alves et al 1987;Oliveira et al 1993).…”

“…CW fractionation was done by alkaline extraction as described previously (Alves et al 1987). Briefly, CW was suspended in 1 N NaOH and gently stirred at room temperature for 1 h. After centrifugation at 5000 × g for 10 min, the supernatants were collected, and the procedure was repeated four times combining all the supernatants.…”

TGF-β and CD23 are involved in nitric oxide production by pulmonary macrophages activated by β-glucan from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

“…Fractionation of cell wall (Fraction F1) CW fractionation was done by alkaline extraction as described previously [23]. BrieXy, CW was suspended in 1 N NaOH and gently stirred at room temperature for 1 h. After centrifugation at 5,000g for 10 min, the supernatants were collected, and the procedure was repeated four times combining all the supernatants.…”

“…After dried, the resulting powder was named as F1 fraction containing a complex of -1,3 -1,6 glucan and chitin. Further biochemical characterization of F1 fraction was performed using KBr discs in a Shimadzu ® spectrophotometer as described previously [22,23].…”

The role of the complement system in the neutrophil functions stimulatedin vitroby an alkali-insoluble cell wall fraction ofParacoccidioides brasiliensis

“…The role of phagocytic cells in the host defense against this fungus is still not well understood. The importance of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) has been suggested by the finding of a massive infiltration of these cells at the inflammatory sites during the initial stage of the disease in man [12] as well as in experimentally infected animals [3,37]. The presence of PMN has also been detected in the suppurative region of the granulomatous lesions characteristic of the chronic phase of this mycosis [4,11].…”