The role of flysch sandstones in forming the properties of cover deposits and soils – examples from the Carpathians

Kacprzak, Andrzej; Szymański, Wojciech; Wójcik-Tabol, Patrycja

doi:10.1127/zfg_suppl/2015/s-00182

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The above study plots were established for the purpose of the assessment of forest damage across the European Union. A total of 32 plots out of 2450 plots located in the Western Carpathians were selected for study purposes (Figure 1), all of which had to meet the following conditions: (1) the studied plots had to represent very similar soils: i.e., loamy texture, medium depth Cambisols developed from cover-beds originating in flysch rocks [63,64] and (2) all the plots had to be situated in a similar relief position (i.e., linear hillslope); thus, the areal drainage conditions could be expected to be quite similar (digital elevation model produced as part of Poland's national GIS project). The selected study plots were located at seven study sites (Table 1) and composed of five circular plots each (r = 12 m).…”

Section: Study Area and Study Plot Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotic and Abiotic Determinants of Soil Organic Matter Stock and Fine Root Biomass in Mountain Area Temperate Forests—Examples from Cambisols under European Beech, Norway Spruce, and Silver Fir (Carpathians, Central Europe)

Zielonka

Drewnik

Musielok

et al. 2021

Forests

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Forest ecosystems significantly contribute to the global organic carbon (OC) pool, exhibiting high spatial heterogeneity in this respect. Some of the components of the OC pool in a forest (woody aboveground biomass (wAGB), coarse root biomass (CRB)) can be relatively easily estimated using readily available data from land observation and forest inventories, while some of the components of the OC pool are very difficult to determine (fine root biomass (FRB) and soil organic matter (SOM) stock). The main objectives of our study were to: (1) estimate the SOM stock; (2) estimate FRB; and (3) assess the relationship between both biotic (wAGB, forest age, foliage, stand density) and abiotic factors (climatic conditions, relief, soil properties) and SOM stocks and FRB in temperate forests in the Western Carpathians consisting of European beech, Norway spruce, and silver fir (32 forest inventory plots in total). We uncovered the highest wAGB in beech forests and highest SOM stocks under beech forest. FRB was the highest under fir forest. We noted a considerable impact of stand density on SOM stocks, particularly in beech and spruce forests. FRB content was mostly impacted by stand density only in beech forests without any discernible effects on other forest characteristics. We discovered significant impacts of relief-dependent factors and SOM stocks at all the studied sites. Our biomass and carbon models informed by more detailed environmental data led to reduce the uncertainty in over- and underestimation in Cambisols under beech, spruce, and fir forests for mountain temperate forest carbon pools.

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Section: Study Area and Study Plot Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotic and Abiotic Determinants of Soil Organic Matter Stock and Fine Root Biomass in Mountain Area Temperate Forests—Examples from Cambisols under European Beech, Norway Spruce, and Silver Fir (Carpathians, Central Europe)

Zielonka

Drewnik

Musielok

et al. 2021

Forests

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“…An elongated position of rock fragments was noted on some profiles (e.g. profile P2, Figure 4a, b; profile P3, Figure 5a, b), indicating that the material had been subject to gravity-driven processes (Kacprzak et al 2015;Kowalska et al 2017;Mücher et al 2010;Watson and Watson 1967). Moreover, the coarse fragments mostly had an angular shape (in some samples also subangular, e.g.…”

Section: The Occurrence and Distribution Of Microfeatures In Heterogementioning

confidence: 94%

Micromorphological features of soils formed on calcium carbonate–rich slope deposits in the Polish Carpathians

2020

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Seven soil profiles developed on calcium carbonate-rich slope deposits in the Polish Carpathians were studied in order to: i) determine the micromorphological features of heterogeneous soils formed in a carbonate depositional environment, and ii) track primary and secondary calcium carbonate forms and their distribution in such stratified soils. Three cases of soils with different arrangements of calcium carbonate were distinguished, controlled mostly by slope processes. For instance, the increasing content and random distribution of angular and subangular rock fragments found in the overall soil matrix and the irregular coarse: fine size limit suggested different intensities of accumulation and mixing of soil material transported along the slope. Slope processes, together with the calcium carbonate content, mineralogical characteristics and texture influenced the type and arrangement of the bfabric pattern. The calcium carbonate distribution within the soils, besides the obvious inheritance from parent material, was governed by the translocation and mixing of deposits on slopes. The climatic conditions prevailing in the area favour the development of secondary forms of calcium carbonate. However, only three of the seven studied profiles contained pedogenic forms of calcium carbonate, yet they were distributed randomly. The occurrence, distribution and preservation of secondary carbonates depended on the content of primary calcium carbonate and soil features such as texture. The transported material down the slope may indicate a very low content of primary calcium or lack thereof, hence its pedogenic forms could not be created.

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“…The slopes are mainly built of resistant flysch facies, that is, thick‐bedded sandstones alternating with shales and mudstones, whereas the valleys are carved into less resistant flysch facies, that is, shales and mudstones (Haczewski et al, 2007). In the study area, soil pipes develop in Cambisols that develop from the slope deposits derived from flysch rocks with an eolian admixture (Kacprzak et al, 2015). The land use is dominated by forests (mixed forests with beech and occasionally with spruce) on steep slopes and by grasslands on gentle slopes (Figure 1c).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of soil pipe network by geophysical approach: Electromagnetic induction (EMI) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT)

Bernatek‐Jakiel

Kondracka

2022

Land Degrad Dev

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Studying soil pipes is a methodological challenge that needs improvement in detection methods in order to better recognize the role of piping erosion in land degradation and hillslope hydrology. This study explores electromagnetic induction (EMI) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) in order to identify soil pipes. The study was conducted in a mountainous area (the Bieszczady Mountains, SE Poland) under a temperate climate, where pipes develop in silty-clayey soils. In the plot area, eight profiles were measured by the conductivity meter at different depths and then interpolated to present apparent electrical conductivity (EC a ). Also, six ERT profiles were carried out using the Wenner-Schlumberger electrode configuration. The EC a values measured by EMI are not very diversified, suggesting its lower sensitivity to changes in the EC a , whereas the EC a values measured by ERT are characterized by greater fluctuation, that is, better detection possibilities. ERT has revealed soil pipes as zones of higher electrical resistivity (ER >268 Ωm) than their surroundings (characterized below pipes by ER <105 Ωm) underlying the air filling of pipes (ER >427 Ωm), whereas EMI has revealed its higher sensitivity to water content. The EMI results have shown the lowering of the water table in the lower part of the slope, perhaps because of the drainage by a complex pipe network. EMI allows quick measurements of EC a providing information on water content, and thus indirectly soil pipes, but, it cannot delineate individual pipes. Only the integration of geophysical methods supported by field recognition provides an effective method to detect soil pipes.

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The role of flysch sandstones in forming the properties of cover deposits and soils – examples from the Carpathians

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Biotic and Abiotic Determinants of Soil Organic Matter Stock and Fine Root Biomass in Mountain Area Temperate Forests—Examples from Cambisols under European Beech, Norway Spruce, and Silver Fir (Carpathians, Central Europe)

Biotic and Abiotic Determinants of Soil Organic Matter Stock and Fine Root Biomass in Mountain Area Temperate Forests—Examples from Cambisols under European Beech, Norway Spruce, and Silver Fir (Carpathians, Central Europe)

Micromorphological features of soils formed on calcium carbonate–rich slope deposits in the Polish Carpathians

Detection of soil pipe network by geophysical approach: Electromagnetic induction (EMI) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT)

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