The role of fluoroscopy in avoiding rotational deformity of treated femoral shaft fractures: an anatomical and clinical study

Retrograde nailing of femoral fractures: a retrospective study

“…A surgeon must be especially careful to prevent malrotation, as further operation is the only way to correct the deformity once the screw is locked [17]. Braten et al [18] described one method to prevent malrotation intraoperatively by using intraoperative fluoroscopy to measure the neck-horizontal (NH) and neck-femoral (NF) angles. Another method discussed by Krettek et al [15,18] is the lesser trochanter shape sign.…”

“…Braten et al [18] described one method to prevent malrotation intraoperatively by using intraoperative fluoroscopy to measure the neck-horizontal (NH) and neck-femoral (NF) angles. Another method discussed by Krettek et al [15,18] is the lesser trochanter shape sign. With the patella strictly orientated anteriorly, they compared the frontal fluoroscopic shape of the lesser trochanter on the fractured and nonfractured sides.…”

Accuracy of measurement of femoral anteversion in femoral shaft fractures using a computer imaging software: a cadaveric study

“…Detection of correct rotational alignment intra-and post-operatively is difficult, despite various published techniques that attempt to determine this measurement [7][8][9][10][11]. However, despite increased awareness of determining the correct rotational alignment intra-operatively, this remains a significant problem, as the occurrence of clinically significant malrotation (C15°) has been identified in approximately 30% of operatively treated patients [4,5,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Computer-assisted Femur Fracture Reduction

“…Since the introduction of computer assisted surgery (navigation) in operative fracture care many groups have investigated the potential use of fluoroscopy- based navigation for operative treatment of fractures [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. In these studies many have reported the advantage of reduced x-ray exposure for patient and staff when compared to the conventional methods [2,[8][9][10][11].…”