The role of fluids in faulting deformation:a case study from the Dead Sea Transform (Jordan)

Janssen, Ch.; Romer, Rolf L.; Hoffmann‐Rothe, A.; Mingram, Birgit; Dulski, Peter; Möller, P.; Al‐Zubi, H.

doi:10.1007/s00531-004-0461-0

Cited by 16 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…2b), suggest that both precipitated under similar conditions, from similar fluids, and possibly during the same event. The relative abundance of REE elements (up to 5 ppm; Table 2) and high Mn/Fe ratios (up to 0.06; Table 1) of all calcitefilled veins in this site may account for the observed high luminescence, indicating input of exotic or deep-seated fluids (rich in Mn 2þ and trace elements) and precipitation under relatively reducing conditions, typical of deep meteoric or burial environments (Janssen et al 2005(Janssen et al , 2007.…”

Section: Calcite Precipitates In the Düziçi Faultmentioning

confidence: 87%

Formation of fault-related calcite precipitates and their implications for dating fault activity in the East Anatolian and Dead Sea fault zones

Nuriel

Rosenbaum

Uysal

et al. 2011

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Fault-related calcite precipitates taken from different segments along the East Anatolian (SE Turkey) and Dead Sea (Israel) fault zones were investigated structurally, geochemically and geochronologically. The results indicate major differences in the nature of calcite precipitates and temporal relationship to faulting. In the Düziçi Fault, calcite-filled veins and hydraulic fractures precipitated co-seismically during three consecutive faulting events. Calcite precipitated in veins at the Har Zefiyya Fault was controlled by near-surface karst processes. Initial opening of the veins occurred prior to about 500 ka and may represent the onset of an east-west contractional deformation. In the Carmel Fault Zone the calcite coating the fault plane precipitated by karst processes, with no evidence of subsequent deformation. Calcite fault gouge from the same site are a mix of host-rock gouge and newly formed authigenic calcite, and their overall geochemistry suggests pervasive fluid-rock interaction in the fault zone. In the Baraq Fault Zone the precipitation of calcite within syntectonic tension gashes and veins occurred prior to 540 ka by the pervasive infiltration of meteoric water into the fault zone. The results demonstrate that geochemical and structural analyses, combined with U-Th geochronology, can shed light on co-seismic and interseismic fault activity, and can potentially provide precise age constraints on the timing of brittle deformation.

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Section: Calcite Precipitates In the Düziçi Faultmentioning

confidence: 87%

Formation of fault-related calcite precipitates and their implications for dating fault activity in the East Anatolian and Dead Sea fault zones

Nuriel

Rosenbaum

Uysal

et al. 2011

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“…Geochemical data suggest reduced fluid rock interactions and limited fluid flow related to the WAF (Janssen et al, , 2005. Because of the absence of a wide through-going fault core the fault probably does not act as an important fluid conduit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shallow architecture of the Wadi Araba fault (Dead Sea Transform) from high-resolution seismic investigations

et al. 2007

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In a high-resolution small scale seismic experiment we investigated the shallow structure of the Wadi Araba Fault (WAF), the principal fault strand of the Dead Sea Transform System between the Gulf of Aqaba/Eilat and the Dead Sea. The experiment consisted of 8 sub-parallel 1 km long seismic lines crossing the WAF. The recording station spacing was 5 meters and the source point distance was 20 m.The first break tomography yields insight into the fault structure down to a depth Often the superficial sedimentary layers are bent upward close to the WAF. Our results indicate that this section of the fault (at shallow depths) is characterized by a transpressional regime. We detected a 100 to 300 m wide heterogeneous zone of deformed and displaced material which, however, is not characterized by low seismic velocities at a larger scale. At greater depth the geophysical images indicate a blocked cross-fault structure. The structure revealed, fault cores not wider than 10 m, are consistent with scaling from wear mechanics and with the low loading to healing ratio anticipated for the fault.

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“…An older cement from samples adjacent to the main fault trace (pressure ridges) reveals growth zones with orange to dark orange CL-colours (Fig. 6a,b), whereas the luminescence colours of some younger veins vary from dark to nonluminescent (Janssen et al 2005). The calcite veins from samples of area B have bright CL-colours similar to those of surrounding host rock.…”

Section: Cathodoluminescence Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Different styles of faulting deformation along the Dead Sea Transform and possible consequences for the recurrence of major earthquakes

Janssen¹,

Hoffmann‐Rothe²,

Bohnhoff³

et al. 2007

Journal of Geodynamics

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We compare fault-related deformation of three segments of the major transform plate boundary between Africa and the Arabian plate, the Dead Sea Transform (DST), namely: the Arava/Araba fault (Jordan/Israel), the Serghaya fault and the Ghab fault (both Syria). These segments show both similarities and marked differences in faulting deformation and fluid-rock interactions. In the case of the Arava fault, fault damage occurs across a zone up to 300 m wide. A fault core/gouge zone is not exhibited.Along the Serghaya fault, the typical fault zone architecture with a main gouge zone and a damage zone of up to 100 m thickness is exposed. Effects of faulting in the Ghab segment are shown by subsidiary faults and the formation of fault breccias. As in the Arava fault segment, a fault core is not exposed. were active along Serghaya fault and Ghab fault, where fault rock cementation led to * Corresponding author. Fax: +49-331-288-1328, E-mail address: jans@gfz-potsdam.de 2 porosity reduction and lower permeability. Such low permeability could create domains of higher pore fluid pressure, which reduce the effective shear stress required for slip on the fault. These differences in fluid-rock interactions may have played an important role with respect to the occurrence of earthquakes. We suggest that the recurrence interval on a fault segment that recovers after an earthquake without fluid assisted healing (e.g. Arava fault) should be longer than on segments with strong fluidassisted healing (cementation; e.g. Serghaya fault, Ghab fault), given that the regional stress field is the same.

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The role of fluids in faulting deformation:a case study from the Dead Sea Transform (Jordan)

Cited by 16 publications

References 45 publications

Formation of fault-related calcite precipitates and their implications for dating fault activity in the East Anatolian and Dead Sea fault zones

Formation of fault-related calcite precipitates and their implications for dating fault activity in the East Anatolian and Dead Sea fault zones

Shallow architecture of the Wadi Araba fault (Dead Sea Transform) from high-resolution seismic investigations

Different styles of faulting deformation along the Dead Sea Transform and possible consequences for the recurrence of major earthquakes

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