The Role of Expectations in Treatment Outcome and Symptom Development in Anxiety Disorders

Katerelos, Theodora E.; Bélanger, Claude; Payette, Ghassan El-Baalbaki Marie-Christine; Marchand, André; Perreault, Michel

doi:10.5772/60668

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 100 publications

(143 reference statements)

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“…We evaluated participants' prior prognostic expectations as a predictor marginally influencing post-test reaction time scores. On the one hand, such results support previous findings that participants with high expectations might have had more interest in a given cognitive training, resulting in greater commitment and motivation to achieve positive outcomes (Foroughi et al, 2016;Hicks et al, 2016;Katerelos et al, 2015;Oken et al, 2008;Rutherford et al, 2010). On the other hand, the marginal effect could be related to other factors involved in cognitive training.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Prior Prognostic Expectations as a Potential Predictor in Neurofeedback Training

2021

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The present study evaluated whether subjects’ expectations and neurofeedback training performance predict neurofeedback efficacy in cognitive training by controlling both factors as statistical variables. Twenty-two psychology students underwent neurofeedback training, employing beta/theta protocol to enhance beta1 power (13–21 Hz) and suppress theta (4–7 Hz) power. Neurofeedback efficacy was evaluated by behavioral components measured on pre-tests and post-tests employing a visual continuous performance task. The results revealed a significant interaction term between change in reaction time from pre-test to post-test and expectancy effect, indicating that participants with high prognostic expectations showed better improvement in reaction time scores. The data did not reveal that actual neurofeedback performance influenced the post-test measurements of the visual continuous performance task. No significant differences were found for reaction time variability, omission, or commission errors. Possible factors contributing to the results are discussed, and directions for future research are suggested.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…This study highlights an important factor in the design of a study aimed at evaluating potential placebo effects. Lack of specificity in various theoretical concepts is a recognized problem (Katerelos et al, 2015). Such confusion leads to flexibility in definitions which, in turn, yields biased results.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prior Prognostic Expectations as a Potential Predictor in Neurofeedback Training

2021

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“…Taken together, there was a similar and positive impact of both treatments on short‐term therapy outcomes. Our findings are consistent with the construct of treatment outcome expectancy, which assesses the extent to which patients anticipate benefiting from therapy and is an important predictor of treatment response . As patients perceive more progress, their expectancy for a beneficial treatment outcome increases.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Therapy processes, progress, and outcomes for 2 therapies for gynecological cancer patients

et al. 2016

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Objective Although a number of effective psychotherapies have been identified for cancer patients, little is known about therapy processes as they unfold the course of treatment and the role of therapy processes in treatment outcome. We used growth curve modeling to evaluate the associations between therapy processes and outcomes among gynecological cancer patients participating in two types of therapy. Methods Two hundred twenty five women newly diagnosed with gynecological cancer were randomly assigned to receive eight sessions of a coping and communication intervention (CCI) or a client-centered supportive therapy (SC). Participants completed measures of pre-intervention and post-intervention depression, working alliance after Session 2, and post-session progress and depressive symptoms after each session. Therapists completed measures of perceived patient progress. Results Both patients and therapists reported a steady increase in session progress and patients reported a steady decrease in depressive symptoms over the course of both the CCI and SC sessions. Perceived progress in one session predicted progress in the subsequent session. Early working alliance predicted improved session progress and reductions in post-session depressive symptoms over sessions. Working alliance did not predict pre-post treatment changes in depression. Patient-rated session progress predicted greater reductions in pre-to post-treatment depression, but therapist-rated progress did not. Conclusions For two types of treatment delivered to women diagnosed with gynecological cancer, patient-rated session progress and depressive symptoms rated over therapy sessions may serve as a yardstick that can be useful to therapists to gauge patient’s response to treatment.

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“…Solid psychoeducation about the purpose of a BCC model and how it can alleviate anxiety and depression is imperative for establishing positive expectations. Indeed, more positive expectations have been linked to better outcomes [ 27 ], highlighting the importance of collaborative care and dedicating time to clarify goals and expectations at the outset [ 28 ]. Establishing this initial momentum will also highlight the results of clients’ efforts firsthand, which is expected to maintain their buy-in and motivation to continue their work in BCC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes of a Blended Care Coaching Program for Clients Presenting With Moderate Levels of Anxiety and Depression: Pragmatic Retrospective Study

Wu¹,

Chen²,

Wickham³

et al. 2021

JMIR Ment Health

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Background Depression and anxiety are leading causes of disability worldwide, but access to quality mental health care is limited by myriad factors. Cognitive-behavioral coaching is rooted in evidence-based principles and has the potential to address some of these unmet care needs. Harnessing technology to facilitate broader dissemination within a blended care model shows additional promise for overcoming barriers to care. Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of a blended care coaching (BCC) program for clients presenting with moderate levels of anxiety and depression in real-world settings. Methods This study examined retrospective data from US-based individuals (N=1496) who presented with moderate levels of depression and anxiety symptoms and who received blended care coaching services. Using a short-term framework, clients met with coaches via a secure video conference platform and also received digital video lessons and exercises. To evaluate the effectiveness of the BCC program, mixed effects modeling was used to examine growth trajectories of anxiety and depression scores over the course of care. Results Out of the total sample of 1496 clients, 75.9% (n=1136) demonstrated reliable improvement, and 88.6% (n=1326) recovered based on either the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale (anxiety) or Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (depression). On average, clients exhibited a significant decline in anxiety and depression symptoms during the initial weeks of coaching, with a continued decline over subsequent weeks at a lower rate. Engaging in a coaching session was associated with lower anxiety (b=–1.04) and depression (b=–0.79) symptoms in the same week, as well as lower anxiety (b=–0.74) and depression (b=–0.91) symptoms the following week (P<.001). Conclusions The BCC program demonstrated strong outcomes in decreasing symptomology for clients presenting with moderate levels of anxiety and depression. When clients received coaching sessions, significant decreases in symptoms were observed, reflecting the importance of session attendance. Additionally, the steepest declines in symptoms tended to occur during the initial weeks of coaching, emphasizing the importance of client buy-in and early engagement. Collectively, these findings have implications for addressing unmet mental health care needs in a more accessible, cost-effective manner.

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The Role of Expectations in Treatment Outcome and Symptom Development in Anxiety Disorders

Cited by 5 publications

References 100 publications

Prior Prognostic Expectations as a Potential Predictor in Neurofeedback Training

Prior Prognostic Expectations as a Potential Predictor in Neurofeedback Training

Therapy processes, progress, and outcomes for 2 therapies for gynecological cancer patients

Outcomes of a Blended Care Coaching Program for Clients Presenting With Moderate Levels of Anxiety and Depression: Pragmatic Retrospective Study

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