The role of estrogens and estrogen receptor signaling pathways in cancer and infertility: the case of schistosomes

Botelho, Mónica; Alves, Helena; Barros, Alberto; Rinaldi, Gabriel; Brindley, Paul J.; Sousa, Mário

doi:10.1016/j.pt.2015.03.005

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…mansoni and S . haematobium [8–12], and the availability of an effective and relatively inexpensive treatment [1,13,14], adequate protocols for screening and treatment of migrants are required. Further, the recent outbreak of urinary schistosomiasis in Corsica [15], originated by a West African strain [16,17], is a useful reminder that local transmission of schistosomiasis in Europe is still possible [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of parasitological and immunological tests for the screening of human schistosomiasis in immigrants and refugees from African countries: An approach with Latent Class Analysis

et al. 2017

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BackgroundSchistosomiasis is a neglected infection affecting millions of people, mostly living in sub-Saharan Africa. Morbidity and mortality due to chronic infection are relevant, although schistosomiasis is often clinically silent. Different diagnostic tests have been implemented in order to improve screening and diagnosis, that traditionally rely on parasitological tests with low sensitivity. Aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of different tests for the screening of schistosomiasis in African migrants, in a non endemic setting.Methodology/Principal findingsA retrospective study was conducted on 373 patients screened at the Centre for Tropical Diseases (CTD) in Negrar, Verona, Italy. Biological samples were tested with: stool/urine microscopy, Circulating Cathodic Antigen (CCA) dipstick test, ELISA, Western blot, immune-chromatographic test (ICT). Test accuracy and predictive values of the immunological tests were assessed primarily on the basis of the results of microscopy (primary reference standard): ICT and WB resulted the test with highest sensitivity (94% and 92%, respectively), with a high NPV (98%). CCA showed the highest specificity (93%), but low sensitivity (48%). The analysis was conducted also using a composite reference standard, CRS (patients classified as infected in case of positive microscopy and/or at least 2 concordant positive immunological tests) and Latent Class Analysis (LCA). The latter two models demonstrated excellent agreement (Cohen’s kappa: 0.92) for the classification of the results. In fact, they both confirmed ICT as the test with the highest sensitivity (96%) and NPV (97%), moreover PPV was reasonably good (78% and 72% according to CRS and LCA, respectively). ELISA resulted the most specific immunological test (over 99%). The ICT appears to be a suitable screening test, even when used alone.ConclusionsThe rapid test ICT was the most sensitive test, with the potential of being used as a single screening test for African migrants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of parasitological and immunological tests for the screening of human schistosomiasis in immigrants and refugees from African countries: An approach with Latent Class Analysis

et al. 2017

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“…Our group has been developing such methodology with the use of biomarkers specific of S. haematobium [13,14]. We have previously described estrogen metabolites to be associated with schistosomiasis infected persons [15,16,17,18]. These metabolites can be expected to provide deeper insights into the carcinogenesis of urinary schistosomiasis-induced bladder cancer, and as biomarkers for diagnosis and/or prognosis of this neglected tropical disease-associated cancer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Bladder Cancer and Urinary Schistosomiasis in Angola

Botelho

Figueiredo

Alves

2015

Journal of Nephrology Research

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Schistosomiasis haematobia is among the most prevalent parasitosis in Angola. The pathology is characterized by serious and irreversible lesions in the urogenital tract induced by chronic infection with the parasite that can eventually lead to squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder. Considering the frequency and severe morbidity observed, even in younger ages, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and morbidity of S. haematobium infection in Angola. A baseline survey was conducted between November 2007 and February 2008. A randomly sample of 300 inhabitants aged 15 to 75 years old participated in this study. Prevalence of S. haematobium infection was 71.7 % (215/300). Infection was higher in females (56.3 %) but no significant difference was found in prevalence and intensity between gender and age groups. The predominant selfreported symptoms were dysuria (91.2 %), hypogastralgia (88.7 %) and haematuria (87.1%) and these symptoms were strongly associated with S. haematobium infection (p<0.05). Ultrasound and cystoscopy examinations performed in a sub-sample of 29 individuals revealed pathological conditions at the urinary tract in all examined. Considering the high prevalence of S. haematobium infections in Angola and schistosomiasis-associated bladder cancer, our results indicate that this population should be targeted for follow up and implementation of measures for treatment and control of schistosomiasis.

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“…In countries with little access to information and medical care, this type of problems may result in stigmatization and other negative social consequences to women, as fertility remains central for their identity and discussion of sexual problems is a taboo in many ethnic groups of endemic areas. Around 40 million women of childbearing age are estimated to be infected [3,8]. …”

Section: Urogenital Schistosomiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen Catechols Detection as Biomarkers in Schistosomiasis Induced Cancer and Infertility

Botelho

Alves

Richter

2016

LDDD

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Urogenital schistosomiasis is a chronic infection caused by the human blood fluke Schistosoma haematobium. Schistosomiasis haematobium is a known risk factor for cancer leading to squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder (SCC). This is a neglected tropical disease endemic in many countries of Africa and the Middle East. Schistosome eggs produce catechol-estrogens. These molecules are metabolized to active quinones that cause alterations in DNA (leading in other contexts to breast or thyroid cancer). Our group have shown that schistosome egg associated catechol estrogens induce tumor-like phenotypes in urothelial cells, originated from parasite estrogen-host cell chromosomal DNA adducts and mutations. Here we review recent findings on the role of estrogen–DNA adducts and how their shedding in urine may be prognostic of schistosome infection and/or represent potential biomarkers for urogenital schistosomiasis associated bladder cancer and infertility.

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The role of estrogens and estrogen receptor signaling pathways in cancer and infertility: the case of schistosomes

Cited by 26 publications

References 48 publications

Accuracy of parasitological and immunological tests for the screening of human schistosomiasis in immigrants and refugees from African countries: An approach with Latent Class Analysis

Accuracy of parasitological and immunological tests for the screening of human schistosomiasis in immigrants and refugees from African countries: An approach with Latent Class Analysis

Bladder Cancer and Urinary Schistosomiasis in Angola

Estrogen Catechols Detection as Biomarkers in Schistosomiasis Induced Cancer and Infertility

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