The role of epigenetic modifications for the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease

Hornschuh, Melanie; Wirthgen, Elisa; Wolfien, Markus; Singh, Kanwar Pal; Däbritz, Jan

doi:10.1186/s13148-021-01089-3

Cited by 33 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(148 reference statements)

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“…Not only genetic predisposition but also environmental factors and imbalance of intestinal bacterial flora tend to induce IBD incidence ( 181 – 183 ). As a multifactorial disease, the exact etiology of IBD still needs to be unraveled, but recent studies have linked the pathogeny of IBD with epigenetic mechanisms ( 184 – 186 ). H3K27me3 can be regulated by extracellular vesicles to control the differentiation of Th17 cells in ulcerative colitis, which plays a distinct role in the pathogenesis of IBD ( 187 ).…”

Section: Histone Modifications In Inflammatory Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in Inflammatory Diseases

et al. 2022

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Inflammation is a defensive reaction for external stimuli to the human body and generally accompanied by immune responses, which is associated with multiple diseases such as atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, psoriasis, asthma, chronic lung diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, and multiple virus-associated diseases. Epigenetic mechanisms have been demonstrated to play a key role in the regulation of inflammation. Common epigenetic regulations are DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA expression; among these, histone modifications embrace various post-modifications including acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and ADP ribosylation. This review focuses on the significant role of histone modifications in the progression of inflammatory diseases, providing the potential target for clinical therapy of inflammation-associated diseases.

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Section: Histone Modifications In Inflammatory Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in Inflammatory Diseases

et al. 2022

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“…DNA methylation regulates cytokine expression during the T-cell differentiation process. In the IBD context, genes involved in the downstream signaling of IL-23, such as STAT3 , oncostatin-M ( OSM ), and STAT5 , present impaired methylation profiles in CD [ 60 ], which could explain why these immune system mediators are altered in IBD. IFN-γ and IL-4 genes also present a differential methylation profile during Th1 and Th2 differentiation, respectively, in normal conditions and during an IBD flare-up [ 24 ].…”

Section: Methylation As a Mechanism For Imprinting Altered Key Elemen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoepigenetic Regulation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Insights into Novel Epigenetic Modulations of the Systemic Immune Response

Bastida

Mínguez

Nos

et al. 2023

Genes

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The immune system and environmental factors are involved in various diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), through their effect on genetics, which modulates immune cells. IBD encompasses two main phenotypes, Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis, which are manifested as chronic and systemic relapse-remitting gastrointestinal tract disorders with rising global incidence and prevalence. The pathophysiology of IBD is complex and not fully understood. Epigenetic research has resulted in valuable information for unraveling the etiology of this immune-mediated disease. Thus, the main objective of the present review is to summarize the current findings on the role of epigenetic mechanisms in IBD to shed light on their potential clinical relevance. This review focuses on the latest evidence regarding peripheral blood mononuclear cells and epigenetic changes in histone modification, DNA methylation, and telomere shortening in IBD. The various identified epigenetic DNA profiles with clinical value in IBD could be used as biomarkers for more accurately predicting disease development, treatment response, and therapy-related adverse events. Ultimately, the information presented here could be of potential relevance for future clinical practice in developing more efficient and precise medicine to improve the quality of life for patients with IBD.

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“…Epigenetic modifications are changes to the DNA without change to the DNA building block sequence. They regulate the turning off and on of genes (Hornschuh et al, 2021). The generational transmission of these modifications defined as "observable epigenetic changes that are transmitted from one generation to the next, or from parent's generation, named the zero filial generation (F0), to the offspring's generation, named the first filial generation (F1)" is considered intergenerational transmission (Heard and Martienssen, 2014), while transmission from the F2 generation of F3 without exposure to the initial environmental stressor or F3 to F4 with intrauterine exposure to stress (Stenz et al, 2018).…”

Section: Concept Of Intergenerational and Transgenerational Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal maternal stress and offspring aggressive behavior: Intergenerational and transgenerational inheritance

Mbiydzenyuy

Hemmings²,

Qulu³

2022

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Even though studies have shown that prenatal maternal stress is associated with increased reactivity of the HPA axis, the association between prenatal maternal stress and fetal glucocorticoid exposure is complex and most likely dependent on unidentified and poorly understood variables including nature and timing of prenatal insults. The precise mechanisms in which prenatal maternal stress influence neuroendocrine signaling between the maternal-placental-fetal interface are still unclear. The aim of this review article is to bring comprehensive basic concepts about prenatal maternal stress and mechanisms of transmission of maternal stress to the fetus. This review covers recent studies showing associations between maternal stress and alterations in offspring aggressive behavior, as well as the possible pathways for the “transmission” of maternal stress to the fetus: (1) maternal-fetal HPA axis dysregulation; (2) intrauterine environment disruption due to variations in uterine artery flow; (3) epigenetic modifications of genes implicated in aggressive behavior. Here, we present evidence for the phenomenon of intergenerational and transgenerational transmission, to better understands the mechanism(s) of transmission from parent to offspring. We discuss studies showing associations between maternal stress and alterations in offspring taking note of neuroendocrine, brain architecture and epigenetic changes that may suggest risk for aggressive behavior. We highlight animal and human studies that focus on intergenerational transmission following exposure to stress from a biological mechanistic point of view, and maternal stress-induced epigenetic modifications that have potential to impact on aggressive behavior in later generations.

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The role of epigenetic modifications for the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease

Cited by 33 publications

References 105 publications

Role of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in Inflammatory Diseases

Role of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in Inflammatory Diseases

Immunoepigenetic Regulation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Insights into Novel Epigenetic Modulations of the Systemic Immune Response

Prenatal maternal stress and offspring aggressive behavior: Intergenerational and transgenerational inheritance

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