The Role of Eosinophils in Parasitic Helminth Infections: Insights from Genetically Modified Mice

Behm, Carolyn A.; Ovington, K.S.

doi:10.1016/s0169-4758(99)01620-8

Cited by 178 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 59 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

113

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Perhaps selective evolutionary pressures, such as defense against certain parasites, on murine vs human eosinophils during the past 75-100 million years have contributed to species differences in eosinophil-mediated activities (46). Mouse eosinophils lack protective functions against helminths important in human infections, such as Schistosoma mansoni (47).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marked Airway Eosinophilia Prevents Development of Airway Hyper-responsiveness During an Allergic Response in IL-5 Transgenic Mice

Kobayashi

Izutsu

Kita

2003

The Journal of Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tissue eosinophilia probably plays important roles in the pathophysiology of bronchial asthma and allergic disorders; however, this concept was challenged recently by controversial results in mouse models of bronchial asthma treated with anti-IL-5 Ab and the failure of anti-IL-5 therapy in humans. We have now used a unique model, IL-5 transgenic (TG) mice, to address a fundamental question: is airway eosinophilia beneficial or detrimental in the allergic response? After sensitization and challenge with OVA, IL-5 TG mice showed a marked airway eosinophilia. Surprisingly, these IL-5 TG mice showed lower airway reactivity to methacholine. Immunohistochemical analysis of the lungs revealed a marked peribronchial infiltration of eosinophils, but no eosinophil degranulation. In vitro, mouse eosinophils from peritoneal lavage fluids did not produce superoxide anion, but did produce an anti-inflammatory and fibrotic cytokine, TGF-β1. Indeed, the TGF-β1 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimens from IL-5 TG mice directly correlated with airway eosinophilia (r = 0.755). Furthermore, anti-IL-5 treatment of IL-5 TG mice decreased both airway eosinophilia and TGF-β1 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids and increased airway reactivity. Thus, in mice, marked eosinophilia prevents the development of airway hyper-reactivity during an allergic response. Overall, the roles of eosinophils in asthma and in animal models need to be addressed carefully for their potentially detrimental and beneficial effects.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marked Airway Eosinophilia Prevents Development of Airway Hyper-responsiveness During an Allergic Response in IL-5 Transgenic Mice

Kobayashi

Izutsu

Kita

2003

The Journal of Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Migratory larvae and adult hookworms may be directly killed by effector cells, such as eosinophils, mast cells, or alternatively activated macrophages (AAMs) (3)(4)(5). However, hookworms may also be expelled by a "weep and sweep" mechanism, which involves increased mucus production and smooth muscle contractions, resulting in an inhospitable environment (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Basophils Protect against Reinfection with Hookworms Independently of Mast Cells and Memory Th2 Cells

Ohnmacht¹,

Voehringer²

2009

The Journal of Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hookworms infect several hundred million people worldwide, causing malnutrition, anemia, and growth retardation. Infections generally result in a strong type 2 immune response, but the effector mechanisms that mediate worm expulsion remain poorly characterized. In this study, we determined the role of mast cells and basophils in protective immunity against the murine hookworm, Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis, during primary and secondary infection. Mast cell–deficient c-KitW-sh mice had lower serum IgE levels compared with wild-type mice under steady-state conditions and after N. brasiliensis infection. Worm expulsion was delayed during primary but not during secondary infection of c-KitW-sh mice, even in the absence of CD4 T cells. However, protective immunity was lost when basophils were depleted before reinfection of c-KitW-sh mice. We conclude that basophils play a crucial role for worm expulsion during a memory type 2 immune response independently of mast cells and memory Th2 cells.

show abstract

“…These distinct functions are mediated by various proteins that can be released from the granules, by receptors for, e.g., immunoglobulins and complement fragments, by the expression of various adhesion molecules, and by a range of cytokines and chemokines that can be secreted [17]. Killing of schistosomula, Trichinella spiralis newborn larvae, and Brugia spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hookworm-related cutaneous larva migrans in patients living in an endemic community in Brazil: Immunological patterns before and after ivermectin treatment

Shimogawara¹,

Hata²,

Schuster³

et al. 2013

European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hookworm-related cutaneous larva migrans (Hr-CLM) is caused by animal hookworm larvae migrating in the human epidermis where they elicit an inflammatory response. This study describes the immunological profile in Hr-CLM patients.In 77 Hr-CLM patients from Manaus, Brazil, peripheral eosinophils were counted, and serum concentrations of total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and selected cytokines were determined by ELISA before and after treatment with ivermectin. Controls included patients' household members (endemic controls), non-endemic Brazilian and Japanese individuals.Eosinophil counts and total IgE in Hr-CLM patients were higher than in controls and correlated with disease severity. Concentrations of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10 were higher in Hr-CLM patients than in endemic controls (p < 0.001) while no differences were detected for interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1β, IL-2, or transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. Following ivermectin treatment, numbers of eosinophils and concentrations of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 decreased whereas IgE, IFN-γ, and TGF-β concentrations increased. The IL-5/IFN-γ ratio declined from 5.9 (interquartile range [IQR] 0.8-31.6) before to 0.1 (IQR 0.05-0.2; p = 0.001) after treatment.Thus, although an impact of other infections on the immune parameters determined cannot be excluded, Hr-CLM in endemic areas is associated with eosinophilia and elevated cytokine levels, particularly of IL-5 and IL-10, which decrease following ivermectin treatment.

show abstract

The Role of Eosinophils in Parasitic Helminth Infections: Insights from Genetically Modified Mice

Cited by 178 publications

References 59 publications

Marked Airway Eosinophilia Prevents Development of Airway Hyper-responsiveness During an Allergic Response in IL-5 Transgenic Mice

Marked Airway Eosinophilia Prevents Development of Airway Hyper-responsiveness During an Allergic Response in IL-5 Transgenic Mice

Basophils Protect against Reinfection with Hookworms Independently of Mast Cells and Memory Th2 Cells

Hookworm-related cutaneous larva migrans in patients living in an endemic community in Brazil: Immunological patterns before and after ivermectin treatment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About