The Role of Electrical Impedance Tomography in Lung Imaging

Christanto, Anthony; Darinatri, Irma

doi:10.55175/cdk.v48i9.132

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Image quality in EIT is limited due to very poor spatial image resolution and low sensitivity in the center of the field of view. Despite this, EIT has shown its potential in medical diagnostics [ 7 ], especially in lung ventilation monitoring, which is possible due to the high impedance of lung tissue in comparison to other tissues and to a significant difference in impedance between inspiration and expiration phases [ 8 ]. A few commercial EIT devices are available on the market currently, and some are in development [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Image Reconstruction Using Supervised Learning in Wearable Electrical Impedance Tomography of the Thorax

Ivanenko,

Smolik,

Wanta

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive technique for visualizing the internal structure of a human body. Capacitively coupled electrical impedance tomography (CCEIT) is a new contactless EIT technique that can potentially be used as a wearable device. Recent studies have shown that a machine learning-based approach is very promising for EIT image reconstruction. Most of the studies concern models containing up to 22 electrodes and focus on using different artificial neural network models, from simple shallow networks to complex convolutional networks. However, the use of convolutional networks in image reconstruction with a higher number of electrodes requires further investigation. In this work, two different architectures of artificial networks were used for CCEIT image reconstruction: a fully connected deep neural network and a conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN). The training dataset was generated by the numerical simulation of a thorax phantom with healthy and illness-affected lungs. Three kinds of illnesses, pneumothorax, pleural effusion, and hydropneumothorax, were modeled using the electrical properties of the tissues. The thorax phantom included the heart, aorta, spine, and lungs. The sensor with 32 area electrodes was used in the numerical model. The ECTsim custom-designed toolbox for Matlab was used to solve the forward problem and measurement simulation. Two artificial neural networks were trained with supervision for image reconstruction. Reconstruction quality was compared between those networks and one-step algebraic reconstruction methods such as linear back projection and pseudoinverse with Tikhonov regularization. This evaluation was based on pixel-to-pixel metrics such as root-mean-square error, structural similarity index, 2D correlation coefficient, and peak signal-to-noise ratio. Additionally, the diagnostic value measured by the ROC AUC metric was used to assess the image quality. The results showed that obtaining information about regional lung function (regions affected by pneumothorax or pleural effusion) is possible using image reconstruction based on supervised learning and deep neural networks in EIT. The results obtained using cGAN are strongly better than those obtained using a fully connected network, especially in the case of noisy measurement data. However, diagnostic value estimation showed that even algebraic methods allow us to obtain satisfactory results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%