The Role of EGCG in Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy.

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women. Green tea has been studied for breast cancer chemopreventive and possibly chemotherapeutic effects due to its high content in polyphenolic compounds, including epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Method: This review is based on a literature research that included papers registered on the Medline database. The research was conducted through PubMed, with the application of the following query: “EGCG”AND "breast cancer”. The result was a total of 88 articles in which this review stands on. Results: In vitro, EGCG shows antioxidant or pro-oxidant properties, depending on the concentration and exposure time. EGCG blocks cell cycle progression and modulates signaling pathways that affects cell proliferation and differentiation. EGCG also induces apoptosis, negatively modulates different steps involved in metastasis and targets angiogenesis by inhibiting VEGF transcription. In vivo, investigations have shown that oral administration of EGCG results in reduction of tumor growth and in antimetastatic and antiangiogenic effects in animal xenograft and allograft models. Discussion: Much remains unknown about the molecular mechanisms involved in the protective effects of EGCG on mammary carcinogenesis. In addition, more studies in vivo are necessary to determine the potential toxicity of EGCG at higher doses and to elucidate its interactions with other drugs. Conclusion: A protective effect of EGCG has been shown in different experimental models and under different experimental conditions, suggesting clinical implications of EGCG for breast cancer prevention and therapy. The data presented in this review support the importance of further investigations.

Green Tea Polyphenol (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG): A Time for a New Player in the Treatment of Respiratory Diseases?

“…A variety of actions of EGCG have been described, particularly in the relation to cancer [ 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 , 121 , 122 ]; however, an improvement associated with delivery of EGCG has been also observed in many other disorders such as brain aging [ 123 , 124 ], neurological diseases including Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases [ 125 , 126 ], cardiovascular diseases [ 127 , 128 , 129 ], and metabolic diseases including obesity [ 130 , 131 ] and diabetes mellitus [ 132 , 133 ].…”

Vorinostat (SAHA) and Breast Cancer: An Overview

“…SAHA individually or in combination with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor isolated from green tea [ 147 , 148 ], was administered to TNBC cells in vitro. SAHA and EGCG reduced the metastatic potential of TNBC by inhibiting migration of TNBC cells across a fibronectin matrix and inducing the apoptotic pathway.…”

LC–MS Based Metabolomics Study of the Effects of EGCG on A549 Cells

“…Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant and effective catechin in numerous types of white tea and green tea ( Sano et al, 2001 ; Tang et al, 2019 ). It has been shown that EGCG can inhibit tumor growth and stimulate cancer cell apoptosis in various human cancers in vivo and vitro studies ( Huh et al, 2004 ; Chen et al, 2016 ; Yang et al, 2016 ; Huang et al, 2017 ; Liu et al, 2017 ; Borutinskaite et al, 2018 ; Gan et al, 2018 ; Zhou et al, 2018 ; Wei et al, 2019 ; Wu et al, 2019 ; Yoshimura et al, 2019 ; Almatroodi et al, 2020 ; Panji et al, 2021 ; Romano and Martel, 2021 ). Many studies have demonstrated that EGCG may take a role in the initiation, promotion, and progression of cancer through the modulation of various mechanisms, including cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis, which leads to its anticarcinogenic activities ( Chen and Dou, 2008 ; Ma et al, 2013 ; Luo et al, 2014 ; Luo et al, 2017 ; Moradzadeh et al, 2018 ; Pal et al, 2018 ; Li et al, 2019 ; Almatroodi et al, 2020 ; Yin et al, 2021 ).…”