The role of dynamic flexion in spine injury is altered by increasing dynamic load magnitude

The Effectiveness of a Lumbopelvic Monitor and Feedback Device to Change Postural Behavior: A Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial

“…15,39 A recent systematic review assessed the level of evidence for domains of cumulative postural exposure (ie, range of motion [ROM] and duration and frequency of forward flexion) as risk factors for NSLBP, and reported inconclusive results. 41 There is some indication in the laboratory-based literature that exposure to repetitive and sustained flexed posture may lead to impaired spinal muscle control, 32,33 which may increase the risk of NSLBP. 49 Additionally, posture is considered by clinicians, researchers, and ergonomists to be one of the numerous risk factors related to the development and maintenance of NSLBP.…”

Characterizing the combined effects of force, repetition and posture on injury pathways and micro-structural damage in isolated functional spinal units from sub-acute-failure magnitudes of cyclic compressive loading

“…herniation) (Callaghan and McGill, 2001;Tampier et al, 2007) and fracture of the pars interarticularis (Howarth and Callaghan, 2013). Research conducted by Parkinson and Callaghan (Parkinson and Callaghan, 2009) identified that when the magnitude of peak compressive force applied during cyclic loading exceeds 30% of a functional spinal unit's (FSU) estimated ultimate compressive tolerance (UCT), endplate fracture will occur before IVD herniation, as long as the range of dynamic flexion/extension does not exceed the normal physiologic joint range. This is consistent with earlier research conducted by Brinckmann et al (Brinckmann et al, 1988), which found that most FSUs could tolerate 5000 cycles of cyclic compressive at loads below 30% UCT.…”

“…As such, numerous in vitro studies have been conducted to explore lumbar spine injury pathways in response to cyclic loading (Adams and Hutton, 1983;Brinckmann and Hilweg, 1989;Brinckmann et al, 1988;Callaghan and McGill, 2001;Gallagher et al, 2005;Gooyers et al, 2013;Hansson et al, 1987;Howarth and Callaghan, 2013;Parkinson and Callaghan, 2007a,b, 2008, 2009). Since cumulative mechanical exposure is influenced by several factors, including: the magnitude of the applied force, frequency of repetition (i.e.…”

Load carriage analysis for military using functional data analysis technique : registration and permutation test

“…Height for Malaysian soldier is normally around 165 cm and weight around 70 kg. Excessive load can cause spine injury [23] or perhaps more serious problems when they are getting older. This paper tries to investigate whether a 10% BW affects Malaysian military as they have to carry excessive loads while training and also on battle ground.…”

“…In addition, no such study has been carried out regarding Malaysian military subject to the matter discussed. Researchers conducted regarding load analysis include load magnitude, spine injury and posture [8], [20], [23], effects of load distribution [5], load posture and gait [2], load and GRF [3], [13], rifle carriage and human gait [4], load carriage effects on lower limb [29], soldiers load carriage [15], determining optimum load [10], [22], postural sway [11], load and walking gait [12], [17], [18] and load and trunk movements [16], [21]. Malaysian military soldiers with usually smaller build-up size without exception have to carry heavy load up to 50 kg or more.…”