The role of dust in supplying nitrogen and phosphorus to the Southeast Mediterranean

Herut, Barak; Collier, Robert W.; Krom, Michael D.

doi:10.4319/lo.2002.47.3.0870

Cited by 164 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This suggests that the main influence on δ 13 C DIC was primary production rather than SST changes, which were less than 1°C during this period. Primary production in the EM Sea is highly dependent on nutrient delivery by rivers and dust storms [Herut et al, 2002]. Periods of heavy δ 13 C DIC are associated with increased productivity because of the preferential uptake of 12 C during photosynthesis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent unprecedented warming and oligotrophy of the eastern Mediterranean Sea within the last millennium

Sisma-Ventura

Yam

Shemesh

2014

Geophysical Research Letters

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The Mediterranean region is a climatic transitional zone between the subtropical/monsoon regime and the temperate westerlies and is subject to forces acting upon the global climate system. Much knowledge about its climate over the last millennium is derived from terrestrial records, whereas changes in sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and in the dissolved inorganic carbon pool (DIC) are poorly known. We present continuous high-resolution reconstructions of SST and δ 13 C DIC in the eastern Mediterranean (EM) Sea, as inferred from oxygen and carbon isotope records from the skeletons of the reef builder gastropod Dendropoma sp. Spanning the past millennium, the SST reconstruction reveals a 250 year persistent warming trend during which the twentieth century was the warmest on record. Coupled with a distinct trend of 13 C DIC depletion and superimposed upon decreased primary production, this climate reconstruction reflects a new state of the EM over the Anthropocene era that exceeds the natural variability of the last millennium.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent unprecedented warming and oligotrophy of the eastern Mediterranean Sea within the last millennium

Sisma-Ventura

Yam

Shemesh

2014

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Moreover, our sampling and analyses for nifH expression performed predominantly during daytime does not take into account possible contributions of unknown active diazotrophs during night time. Yet, the low rates of N-fixation measured during this study, combined with the low Richelia abundances and lack of DDA blooms (Figure 6), may reflect a scenario controlled by limited availability of essential nutrients as has been recorded for bacterial and primary productivity in the eastern Mediterranean (Herut et al, 2002;Flaten et al, 2005;Zohary et al, 2005;Tanaka et al, 2007).…”

Section: Richelia Dynamics In Eastern Mediterranean Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 6 clearly shows a seasonal peak of heterocyst concentrations during autumn (October-November), coinciding with the deepening of the mixed-layer depth at both stations. Dust events, delivering nutrients, in particular P, are also characteristic during these months (autumn and spring) (Herut et al, 2002 and may enhance diatom-diazotroph occurrence.…”

Section: Richelia Dynamics In Eastern Mediterranean Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal dynamics of the endosymbiotic, nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Richelia intracellularis in the eastern Mediterranean Sea

et al. 2008

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Biological nitrogen fixation has been suggested as an important source of nitrogen for the ultraoligotrophic waters of the Levantine Basin of the Mediterranean Sea. In this study, we identify and characterize the spatial and temporal distribution of the N-fixing (diazotrophic) cyanobacterium Richelia intracellularis. R. intracellularis is usually found as an endosymbiont within diatoms such as Rhizosolenia spp and Hemiaulus spp. and is an important diazotroph in marine tropical oceans. In this study, two stations off the Mediterranean coast of Israel were sampled monthly during 2005-2007. R. intracellularis was identified by microscopy and by reverse transcribed-PCR which confirmed a 98.8% identity with known nifH sequences of R. intracellularis from around the world. The diatom-diazotroph associations were found throughout the year peaking during autumn (October-November) at both stations. Abundance of R. intracellularis ranged from 10 to 55 heterocysts l À1 and correlated positively with the dissolved Si(OH) 4 /(NO 3 þ NO 2 ) ratio in surface waters. Although the rates of nitrogen fixation were very low, averaging B1.1 nmol N l À1 day À1 for the R. intracellularis size fraction (410 lm) from surface waters, they correlated positively with heterocyst counts during thermal stratification. The lack of large-scale diatom-diazotroph blooms and the low rates of nitrogen fixation by these diazotrophs may result from the P-starved conditions affecting the Levantine basin.

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“…The wet and dry atmospheric fluxes of nitrogen species were calculated according to the procedure explained in Herut et al (1999Herut et al ( , 2002. The wet atmospheric deposition fluxes (F w ) were calculated from the annual precipitation (P annual ) and the volume weighted mean concentration (C W ) of the substance of interest.…”

Section: Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in the eastern Mediterranean: origin and ramifications regarding marine productivity

Nehir

Koçak

2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Aerosol and rain sampling in two size fractions was carried out at a rural site located on the coast of the eastern Mediterranean, Erdemli, Turkey (36 • 33 54 N, 34 • 15 18 E). A total of 674 aerosol samples in two size fractions (337 coarse, 337 fine) and 23 rain samples were collected between March 2014 and April 2015. Samples were analyzed for NO − 3 , NH + 4 and ancillary water-soluble ions using ion chromatography and water-soluble total nitrogen (WSTN) by applying a high-temperature combustion method. The mean aerosol water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) was 23.8 ± 16.3 nmol N m −3 , reaching a maximum of 79 nmol N m −3 , with about 66 % being associated with coarse particles. The volume weighted mean (VWM) concentration of WSON in rain was 21.5 µmol N L −1 . The WSON contributed 37 and 29 % to the WSTN in aerosol and rainwater, respectively. Aerosol WSON concentrations exhibited large temporal variation, mainly due to meteorology and the origin of air mass flow. The highest mean aerosol WSON concentration was observed in the summer and was attributed to the absence of rain and resuspension of cultivated soil in the region. The mean concentration of WSON during dust events (38.2 ± 17.5 nmol N m −3 ) was 1.3 times higher than that of non-dust events (29.4 ± 13.9 nmol N m −3 ). Source apportionment analysis demonstrated that WSON was originated from agricultural activities (43 %), secondary aerosol (20 %), nitrate (22 %), crustal material (10 %) and sea salt (5 %). The dry and wet depositions of WSON were equivalent and amounted to 36 % of the total atmospheric WSTN flux.

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The role of dust in supplying nitrogen and phosphorus to the Southeast Mediterranean

Abstract: Abstract-This study assesses the role of the atmospheric dry fallout as a source of new nitrogen and phosphorus to the surface Levantine seawater. Leaching experiments of inorganic nitrogen (LINO , LINH ) and phosphorus (LIPO 4 ), using SE

Cited by 164 publications

References 22 publications

Recent unprecedented warming and oligotrophy of the eastern Mediterranean Sea within the last millennium

Recent unprecedented warming and oligotrophy of the eastern Mediterranean Sea within the last millennium

Seasonal dynamics of the endosymbiotic, nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Richelia intracellularis in the eastern Mediterranean Sea

Atmospheric water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in the eastern Mediterranean: origin and ramifications regarding marine productivity

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