The Role of Diet Related Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Colorectal Cancer Metabolism and Survival: Prevention and Therapeutic Implications

Gomes, Sara; Oliveira, Cláudia; Azevedo-Silva, João; Casanova, Marta Alexandra Rodrigues; Barreto, Judite; Pereira, Helena; Chaves, Susana R.; Rodrigues, L. R.; Casal, Margarida; Côrte‐Real, Manuela; Baltazar, Fátima; Preto, Ana

doi:10.2174/0929867325666180530102050

Cited by 78 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…These microbial metabolites play a role in modulating host metabolic and immune responses 35 . The current study demonstrated that diet-related SCFAs prevent disease and provide therapeutic implications for CRC 36 , as these bacterial metabolites are restricted to CRC patients and not present in healthy controls. In the present study, we observed EVs with metagenomic profiles similar to those from previous studies utilizing stool-based metagenome analyses of CRC patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Colorectal cancer diagnostic model utilizing metagenomic and metabolomic data of stool microbial extracellular vesicles

Kim

Yang

Seo³

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common type cancers in the world. CRC occurs sporadically in the majority of cases, indicating the predominant cause of the disease are environmental factors. Diet-induced changes in gut-microbiome are recently supposed to contribute on epidemics of CRC. This study was aimed to investigate the association of metagenomics and metabolomics in gut extracellular vesicles (EVs) of CRC and healthy subjects. A total of 40 healthy volunteers and 32 patients with CRC were enrolled in this study. Metagenomic profiling by sequencing 16 S rDNA was performed for assessing microbial codiversity. We explored the small molecule metabolites using gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. In total, stool EVs were prepared from 40 healthy volunteers and 32 patients with CRC. Metagenomic profiling demonstrated that bacterial phyla, particularly of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, were significantly altered in patients with colorectal cancer. Through metabolomics profiling, we determined seven amino acids, four carboxylic acids, and four fatty acids; including short-chain to long chain fatty acids that altered in the disease group. Binary logistic regression was further tested to evaluate the diagnostic performance. In summary, the present findings suggest that gut flora dysbiosis may result in alternation of amino acid metabolism, which may be correlated with the pathogenesis of CRC.Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common type cancers in the world 1 . The majority of CRC occurs sporadically, indicating that environmental influences are the predominant cause of the disease 2 . Dietary pattern has long been considered as the most important lifestyle risk factor for CRC. In vivo and in vitro studies have investigated the effect of protein intake on CRC risk and suggest that consumption of excessive protein could lead to DNA damage and influence on the maintenance of colonocyte intergrity 3,4 . Diet-induced changes in gut-microbiome are recently supposed to contribute on epidemics of CRC. Accordingly, studies have suggested that the intestinal microbiome might be important for CRC initiation and progression, since tumors preferentially develop in the distal colon and rectum, which are colonized by approximately 70% of host microbiomes 2,5 . The microbiome has the potential to generate a microenvironment that favors the development of CRC, presumably by recruiting mediators such as interleukins, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and reactive oxygen species 6,7 . Furthermore, metabolic products of the gut microbiota might increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer. For example, high levels of acetaldehyde produced by the gut microbiota can break down colonial folate, thereby increasing CRC risk 7 .Microbe-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as an important new research subject in understanding the intersection of the gut-microbial communities and human health. Gut microbiota can secrete different types of EVs, including outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), shedding vesicles, and a...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Colorectal cancer diagnostic model utilizing metagenomic and metabolomic data of stool microbial extracellular vesicles

Kim

Yang

Seo³

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…SCFAs also play a beneficial role in CRC clinically [ 137 ]. Mechanically, SCFAs inhibited cell growth and differentiation, promoted cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis, and regulated histone acetylation to protect against CRC [ 138 ]. Given the potential benefits of SCFAs, they are also considered as useful probiotics to prevent CRC.…”

Section: The Mechanistic Insights Linking Obesity With Crcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking Obesity with Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology and Mechanistic Insights

Huang

et al. 2020

Cancers

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The incidence of obesity and colorectal cancer (CRC) has risen rapidly in recent decades. More than 650 million obese and 2 billion overweight individuals are currently living in the world. CRC is the third most common cancer. Obesity is regarded as one of the key environmental risk factors for the pathogenesis of CRC. In the present review, we mainly focus on the epidemiology of obesity and CRC in the world, the United States, and China. We also summarize the molecular mechanisms linking obesity to CRC in different aspects, including nutriology, adipokines and hormones, inflammation, gut microbiota, and bile acids. The unmet medical needs for obesity-related CRC are still remarkable. Understanding the molecular basis of these associations will help develop novel therapeutic targets and approaches for the treatment of obesity-related CRC.

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“…In fact, the lower abundance of beneficial bacteria SCFAs producers have been associated with CRC [8]. Therefore, the manipulation of SCFA levels in the intestine, through changes in microbiota, could be a potential preventive/therapeutic strategy for CRC [102]. However, at present, only preclinical evidence is available, and the effects have not been achieved in human studies yet.…”

Section: Direct and Gut-microbiota-modulating Mechanisms Of Action Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay between Dietary Polyphenols and Oral and Gut Microbiota in the Development of Colorectal Cancer

et al. 2020

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most diagnosed type of cancer worldwide. Dietary features play an important role in its development, and the involvement of human microbial communities in this pathology has also recently been recognized. Individuals with CRC display alterations in gut bacterial composition and a notably higher abundance of putative oral bacteria in colonic tumors. Many experimental studies and preclinical evidence propose that dietary polyphenols have a relevant role in CRC development and progression, mainly attributed to their immunomodulatory activities. Furthermore, polyphenols can modulate oral and gut microbiota, and in turn, intestinal microbes catabolize polyphenols to release metabolites that are often more active and better absorbed than the original phenolic compounds. The current study aimed to review and summarize current knowledge on the role of microbiota and the interactions between dietary polyphenols and microbiota in relation to CRC development. We have highlighted the mechanisms by which dietary polyphenols and/or their microbial metabolites exert their action on the pathogenesis and prevention of CRC as modulators of the composition and/or activity of oral and intestinal microbiota, including novel screening biomarkers and possible nutritional therapeutic implications.

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The Role of Diet Related Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Colorectal Cancer Metabolism and Survival: Prevention and Therapeutic Implications

Cited by 78 publications

References 126 publications

Colorectal cancer diagnostic model utilizing metagenomic and metabolomic data of stool microbial extracellular vesicles

Colorectal cancer diagnostic model utilizing metagenomic and metabolomic data of stool microbial extracellular vesicles

Linking Obesity with Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology and Mechanistic Insights

Interplay between Dietary Polyphenols and Oral and Gut Microbiota in the Development of Colorectal Cancer

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