The Role of Diagnostic Roentgenology in Medicine

Ritvo, Max

doi:10.1056/nejm196006162622401

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This therapeutic approach is known as vascular normalization. [23][24][25] Vascular normalization approaches have been developed based on the various studies on pro-angiogenic and antiangiogenic molecules and molecular and genetic agents in ECs and novel genetic models. [23] Tumor vascularization is initiated directly by cancer cells or induced by stromal cells.…”

Section: Vascular Co-optionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Tumor Vasculature Network: Key Strategies

et al. 2022

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Tumor cells, owing to their relentless division, require increased nutrient supply. This is made possible by angiogenesis, that is, the formation of new blood vessels increases the blood flow toward tumor cells, thereby promoting the supply of oxygen and vital nutrients required for the proliferation of tumor cells. Decreasing the blood flow to the tumor cells can effectively halt tumor progression and possibly cure cancer. However, practically, the mechanism is not as straightforward as it seems. In this review, the role of angiogenesis is focused on in the development of tumors and cancer metastasis and the potential of tumor vascular normalization for the reduction of angiogenesis, which results in the suppression of tumor cells. An insight into various strategies, including pharmacological inhibition of angiogenesis, genetic models, and nanoparticle‐based novel treatment strategies for vascular normalization, is provided. In addition, the effect of vessel normalization and tumor microenvironment modulation on the delivery of nanoparticle‐based drugs to the target tumor cells is discussed. The critical role of monitoring vascular normalization is also highlighted, without which selecting the most efficient strategy for tumor vascular normalization is possible. Therefore, efficiently combating cancer and its devastating effects remains an unsolved puzzle.

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Section: Vascular Co-optionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Tumor Vasculature Network: Key Strategies

et al. 2022

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“…HCC is characteristically a hypervascular tumor where angiogenesis is directly linked to its progression (6). As one of the hallmarks of malignancy, tumor angiogenesisallows delivery of oxygen and nutrition to tumors, thus not only contribute to tumors' growth but also its metastasize and dissemination (7). Tumor dormancy is a con ned small mass solid tumor within 1-2 mm in diameter which cannot grow beyond 3 mm if being avascular, yet once being vascularized, they can grow and metastasize remotely rapidly with missed diagnosis (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum angiopoietin 2 acts as a diagnostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies.

Elgenidy

Awad

Afifi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background & Aims: HCC is characteristically a hypervascular tumor where angiogenesis is directly linked to its progression. Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) promotes vascular remodeling as the Ang-2-Tie2 pathway suppresses interactions between endothelial cells and vascular mural cells: pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. However, the importance of Ang-2 has a controversial outcome between the studies, thus we aimed to systematically analyze the diagnostic utility of serum Ang-2 in patients with HCC in comparison with cirrhotic liver diseases. Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases until Jan 2022, to identify studies assessing serum levels of Ang-2 in patients with HCC. Studies that measured Serum Angiopoietin 2 levels of hepatocellular carcinoma patients, articles that were published in peer-reviewed international journals and had enough data for qualitative and quantitative analysis were included with no language restriction. We conducted our double-arm meta-analysis using the “meta” package in R version 4.1.0. Random-effects meta-analysis models were employed to estimate the pooled serum level on angiopoietin 2 level. The data was continuous, we used the mean difference with a 95% confidence interval to assess the estimated effect measure. A leave-one-out meta-analysis was performed to show how each individual study affects the overall estimate by removing one study alternately from the meta-analysis. Results: Ten studies with 3175 patients met our criteria and were included in our meta-analysis. The serum level of Ang-2 was higher in the HCC group when compared to healthy participants, Chronic liver disease patients or patients with liver cirrhosis. Ang-2 as a marker was compared between HCC and healthy participants with significant favor for HCC (p=0.00001). The cumulative mean difference was significant at 2.88 (95% CI of 1.87, 3.89). Furthermore, Ang-2 as a marker was compared between HCC and cirrhotic liver patients with significant favor for HCC (p=0.003) with significant mean difference(MD) 2.52 (95% CI of 0.85, 4.18), while when compared between HCC and Chronic liver disease patients revealed a significant favor for HCC (p=0.0002) with MD 1.93 (95% CI of 0.92, 2.93).The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio were 0.79, 0.89, 9.86, and 0.08, respectively. The summary ROC plot showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9816 and Q*=0.9403. Conclusion: Having both high pooled sensitivity and specificity, serum Ang-2 shows the potential to have a vital role as an independent diagnostic marker in HCC over decades of other biomarkers used.

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“…Although in most people the infection remains clinically asymptomatic, most colonized individuals develop coexisting chronic inflammation that significantly increases the risk of site-specific diseases. Many studies have demonstrated that HP infection causes gastric and duodenal ulcer diseases, that can lead to Gastric Cancer (GC) and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) B-cell lymphoma ( Wyatt and Rathbone, 1988 ; Shahar et al, 1994 ). Several factors act, alone or synergistically, during the infection, and their combination can determine the fate of the infection progression, making the difference between latent infection and the development of a pathological outcome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the Helicobacter pylori Disease-Specific Antigenic Repertoire

et al. 2020

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The analysis of the interaction between Helicobacter pylori (HP) and the host in vivo is an extremely informative way to enlighten the molecular mechanisms behind the persistency/latency of the bacterium as well as in the progression of the infection. An important source of information is represented by circulating antibodies targeting the bacteria that define a specific “disease signature” with prospective diagnostic implications. The diagnosis of some of the HP induced diseases such as gastric cancer (GC), MALT lymphoma (MALT), and autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is not easy because patients do not show symptoms of illness in early-onset stages, at the same time they progress rapidly. The possibility of identifying markers able to provide an early diagnosis would be extremely beneficial since a late diagnosis results in a delay in undergoing active therapy and reduces the survival rate of patients. With the aim to identify the HP antigens recognized during the host immune-response to the infection and possibly disease progression, we applied a discovery-driven approach, that combines “phage display” and deep sequencing. The procedure is based on the selection of ORF phage libraries, specifically generated from the pathogen’s genome, with sera antibodies from patients with different HP-related diseases. To this end two phage display libraries have been constructed starting from genomic DNA from the reference HP 26695 and the pathogenic HP B128 strains; libraries were filtered for ORFs by using an ORF selection vector developed by our group ( Di Niro et al., 2005 ; Soluri et al., 2018 ), selected with antibodies from patients affected by GC, MALT, and AIG and putative HP antigens/epitopes were identified after Sequencing and ranking. The results show that individual selection significantly reduced the library diversity and comparison of individual ranks for each condition allowed us to highlight a pattern of putative antigens specific for the different pathological outcomes or common for all of them. Within the putative antigens enriched after selection, we have validated protein CagY/Cag7 by ELISA assay as a marker of HP infection and progression. Overall, we have defined HP antigenic repertoire and identified a panel of putative specific antigens/epitopes for three different HP infection pathological outcomes that could be validated in the next future.

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The Role of Diagnostic Roentgenology in Medicine

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Modulation of Tumor Vasculature Network: Key Strategies

Modulation of Tumor Vasculature Network: Key Strategies

Serum angiopoietin 2 acts as a diagnostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies.

Defining the Helicobacter pylori Disease-Specific Antigenic Repertoire

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