The Role of Cytologic Analysis in Follow-Up of Non-Muscle Invaisve Urothelial Cell Carcinoma in Relation to Cystoscopic Biopsy

Abstract

Background: Bladder urothelial carcinoma has high recurrence rate so patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma have to be monitored thoroughly for disease recurrence, this makes bladder cancer one of the most expensive cancer types for the health care system. Voided urine cytology is the most commonly used noninvasive follow-up diagnostic tool. The purpose of this study was to assess the role of voided urine cytology for the follow-up of patients with non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma (NMIUC).