The Role of Cytokines among Women with Spontaneous Miscarriage

Abdullah, Ghaidaa A.; Mahdi, Nadham K.

doi:10.12816/0001501

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Increased levels of serum TNF-α and decreased IL-6 observed in the present study are in accordance with previous reports [16,17]. Similar result of IL-8 was observed in previous report by Hattori et al with disparity in levels of serum IL-6 in the present study [17].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Identification of serum cytokines as markers in women with recurrent pregnancy loss or miscarriage using MILLIPLEX analysis

Al-Jameil¹,

Tabassum²,

Al-Mayouf³

et al. 2018

Biomed Res

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Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is loss of three or more consecutive pregnancies during first trimester of pregnancy. The etiology in most of the recurrent miscarriages is unknown. The main cause of recurrent miscarriage is the abnormal karyotype. Apart from this, number of factors are responsible like defects in maternal endometrium, placenta, and autoimmune malfunctions. Additionally exaggerated immune response by the cytokines seems to play a crucial role in the termination of pregnancies. Analysis of serum cytokines in women with recurrent pregnancy loss would add to better and clear understanding of the role of cytokines in miscarriage. The study enrolled 60 pregnant women aged 26-48 y; the RPL group comprised of 30 women with first trimester miscarriage and the control group included 30 women with first trimester successful pregnancy with no history of miscarriage. Serum cytokines were measured by Milliplex Luminex with XMAP (Multianalyte profiling) technology. Cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, interleukin-8 increased and interleukin-6 decreased significantly (p<0.001) in RPL group compared to control. There was no significant correlation between cytokines and fertility hormones like follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone whereas interferon-γ was strongly correlated with luteinizing hormone and prolactin in miscarriage group. Our data suggests that cytokines the immunological mediators are major determining factors for poor pregnancy outcomes. Though fertility hormones play role in occurrence and maintenance of pregnancy, termination of pregnancy could be due to altered immune response and there is no correlation of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukins 6 and 8 with follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and prolactin hormones.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Identification of serum cytokines as markers in women with recurrent pregnancy loss or miscarriage using MILLIPLEX analysis

Al-Jameil¹,

Tabassum²,

Al-Mayouf³

et al. 2018

Biomed Res

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“…In addition, it exerts adverse effects by decreasing blood flow to the embryo resulting in blood vessel thrombosis (vascular autoamputation), interfering with the invasion of spiral arteries, endothelial dysfunction with damage to decidual vasculature, membrane matrices degradation predisposing to foetal membrane rupture. [30][31][32][33][34] In concordance with our results, an aberrant expression of TNF-α was shown to be associated with adverse placental development and function subsequently resulting in pregnancy complications. 35 In vitro studies concluded that TNF-α derived from maternal T cells stimulates apoptosis of cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblast (ST) cells in combination with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) by inducing monocyte adhesion to ST cells to disrupt trophoblast monolayers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The role of TNF‐α in causing miscarriage may be attributed to its potential to induce apoptosis, enhanced production of prostaglandins subsequently leading to uterine contractions. In addition, it exerts adverse effects by decreasing blood flow to the embryo resulting in blood vessel thrombosis (vascular autoamputation), interfering with the invasion of spiral arteries, endothelial dysfunction with damage to decidual vasculature, membrane matrices degradation predisposing to foetal membrane rupture 30‐34 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of reduced maternal sHLA‐G5 isoform levels and elevated TNF‐α/IL‐4 cytokine ratio with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A study on South Indian women

et al. 2021

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Inflammation is of critical importance in successful implantation during pregnancy.However, the establishment of maternal immune tolerance towards semi-allograft foetus is more exigent and is achieved predominantly by human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) isoforms with a special emphasis on soluble HLA-G5 (sHLA-G5).Constant inflammation and lack of resolution by anti-inflammatory milieu, due to aberrant expression of critical immunoregulatory molecules such as sHLA-G5 and dysfunctional T helper cells 1 and 2 (Th1-Th2) cytokine shift, can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes including recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Serum samples of 270 pregnant women (135 healthy parous and 135 with a history of RPL) were evaluated for the concentrations of sHLA-G5, interleukin-4 (IL-4) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and found elevated levels of sHLA-G5 and IL-4 in controls and higher TNF-α levels and TNF-α:IL-4 ratio in patients (P < .05). Stratified data analysis based on the time of sample collection, that is the first and second trimesters exhibited higher sHLA-G5 and IL-4 in both first and second trimesters in controls than patients, while they displayed lower levels concerning TNF-α and TNF-α:IL-4 ratio (P < .05). However, within patients and controls in the first or second trimesters, there was a significant variation concerning sHLA-G5 alone. Further, the outcome of pregnancies studied in the present investigation revealed a significant elevation in sHLA-G5 levels among women with successful pregnancies compared with women who experienced pregnancy loss, therefore, concluding the potential application of sHLA-G5 isoform as a marker in assisting improved pregnancy outcomes.

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“…Chetty et al [21] demonstrated a significant relation of abortion number with women investigated with a previous miscarriage. Strobino et al [22] found that 38% of women with abortion were aborted two times due to infections. In theory, either fetal or maternal pathology could lead to recurrent spontaneous abortions [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Human Papilloma Virus in Aborted Women in Kirkuk City

khoshaba

Mustafa

Alazzawy

2022

Al-Kitab J. Pure Sci.

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The aimed of the study was to evaluate the Seroprevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) in aborted women. A cross-sectional study was carried out in Kirkuk city from 10th of March 2017 to 10th of July 2017 The number of aborted women understudy were 65 women who attended for curettage in Kirkuk general hospital. The control group who were matched to the patients studied included 30 normal pregnant women at the full term of pregnancy, women with Toxoplasma gondii , rubella and cytomegalovirus infections were excluded from the study. Five ml of blood was collected by vein puncture from each woman in the study, the obtained sera then organized to determine of HPV 16 E7 protein in patients and control using ELISA technique. The study showed that the highest rate of HPV infection (35.38%) was recorded among women with abortion comparing with the control group, with a highly significant relation. The study showed that 75.38% of women had aborted in the 1st trimester of pregnancy and the lowest rate of abortion 9.24% was in the 3rd trimester. The study showed that the highest rate of HPV infection was found in women with 1st trimester of abortion (38.78%) and the lowest rate was in the 3rd trimester of abortion. The study showed that the highest rate of HPV infection was recorded among aborted women who have suffered from one abortion during their marriage life. It was concluded that there was a significant relation of HPV with abortion spatially in women who were aborted in the first trimester of pregnancy.

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The Role of Cytokines among Women with Spontaneous Miscarriage

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Identification of serum cytokines as markers in women with recurrent pregnancy loss or miscarriage using MILLIPLEX analysis

Identification of serum cytokines as markers in women with recurrent pregnancy loss or miscarriage using MILLIPLEX analysis

Association of reduced maternal sHLA‐G5 isoform levels and elevated TNF‐α/IL‐4 cytokine ratio with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A study on South Indian women

Seroprevalence of Human Papilloma Virus in Aborted Women in Kirkuk City

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