The role of cyclic nucleotides in central synaptic function

Bloom, Floyd E.

doi:10.1007/3-540-07483-x_19

Cited by 92 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 418 publications

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“…For monoamine systems, the data are far from homogeneous. The most consistent evidence holds for the actions of noradrenaline at beta-receptors, where in vivo the action of neurally released noradrenaline is mediated by beta-adrenergic -receptors coupled to adenylate cyclase, and hence according to the 'second messenger' scheme of Sutherland (Bloom 1975, Nestler & Greengard 1984. The effects, as judged by firing rates and trans-membrane effects, are overtly inhibitory, with hyperpolarizations accompanied by increased membrane resistance.…”

Section: Temporal Domain Mapsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, this does not seem to be a general feature for most centrally active peptides. Activation of adenylate cyclase clearly perturbs the metabolic equilibrium of a responsive cell, altering many aspects of its function (Bloom 1975, Nestler & Greengard 1984. Conventional terms require that such third-domain actions be evaluated by electrophysiology.…”

Section: Temporal Domain Mapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurotransmitter Diversity and its Functional Significance

Bloom

1985

J R Soc Med

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(Bloom 1984), that there must be underlying principles of neuronal connectivity, and that these principles connote specific functional operations that can help decipher the ongoing interactions between ensembles of neurons in the behaving brain. This paper reviews recent developments underlying such formulations. Neurotransmitter identificationThe major thrust of most post-World War II central transmitter research was aimed at identifying 'the' transmitter for specific synaptic junctions. The rules for such work were relatively straightforward, and electrophysiologically based. The transmitter candidate had to be 'present' in a region of the CNS in which the synaptic connection was to be studied. Its effects on extracellularly recorded discharge rates, and intracellularly recorded trans-membrane changes, had to replicate the effects of the selective activation of the synaptic pathway down to the ionic equilibrium potentials towards which the transmitter candidates and the intrinsic pathways would drive the membrane properties of the neuron. When appropriate synthetic agonists or antagonists were available, simulating or blocking the responses of the target neuron to the transmitter candidate and to the actual process of transmission confirmed the identity pharmacologically.The broad armamentarium of drugs available to manipulate the central monoaminergic systems, as well as the detailed structural information available from their cytochemical localizations, greatly facilitated their presumptive identification as transmitters before the more ubiquitous amino acids gained this status. However, the unique morphology of monoaminergic neurons -with a highly divergent axonal arborization -and their unique electrophysiological actions -altering membrane potential without increased ionic conductance (see Foote et al. 1983 for recent reviews), required a conceptual alteration in the logical criteria of a neurotransmitter.Peptides are the most recently studied chemical category of transmitters. It is now clear that specific peptides fulfil all the logical criteria required to identify them as 'the' factors by which specific neurons of the hypothalamus regulate the secretion of specific adenohypophyseal '1ased on Pharmacia Lecture delivered by Professor Bloom, Burroughs Wellcome Visiting Professor, to

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Section: Temporal Domain Mapsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Temporal Domain Mapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurotransmitter Diversity and its Functional Significance

Bloom

1985

J R Soc Med

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“…A distinction has been made between transmitters that directly alter ion channels and those that indirectly alter intracellular metabolism, and this distinction has important functional implications (20,65,114). Metabolic changes of the sort we have described involve a considerable degree of amplification.…”

Section: Physiological Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Monoamines, Homeostasis, and Adaptive Behavior

Stricker

Zigmond

1986

Comprehensive Physiology

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“…Much of the evidence supporting a role for cyclic nucleotides in mediating certain postsynaptic potentials has been reviewed in detail elsewhere (Drummond and Ma 1973;Bloom 1975;Nathanson and Greengard 1976). Therefore it seems that rather than presenting further supportive evidence here, it is more appropriate to emphasize instead some of the difficulties that have been encountered in attempting to relate cyclic nucleotides to the generation of post-synaptic potentials.…”

Section: Cyclic Nucleotides and The Genesis Of Postsynaptic Potentialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclic Nucleotides, Protein Phosphorylation and Synaptic Function

Beam¹,

Greengard²

1976

Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology

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During the past few years, our laboratory has been interested in the possible involvement of cyclic nucleotides and protein phosphorylation in neuronal function. A major part of this work has been directed towards evaluating the possibility that cyclic AMP is responsible for the genesis of slow postsynaptic potentials at certain synapses. The question of a similar function for cyclic GMP as a mediator of the action of neurotransmitters at other types of synapses has also been considered. In addition, evidence supporting two other roles for cyclic AMP and protein phosphorylation in nervous function, that of regulating microtubular function and that of regulating neurotransmitter synthesis, has been obtained. A schematic diagram illustrating these various proposed roles is shown in Figure 1. In this article, we shall summarize some of these studies on the possible involvement of cyclic nucleotides in neuronal function and also indicate briefly some important unresolved issues and possible approaches toward their resolution.

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The role of cyclic nucleotides in central synaptic function

Cited by 92 publications

References 418 publications

Neurotransmitter Diversity and its Functional Significance

Neurotransmitter Diversity and its Functional Significance

Brain Monoamines, Homeostasis, and Adaptive Behavior

Cyclic Nucleotides, Protein Phosphorylation and Synaptic Function

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