The role of crystalline, mobile amorphous and rigid amorphous fractions in the performance of recycled poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET)

Badía, J.D.; Strömberg, Emma; Karlsson, Sigbritt; Ribes‐Greus, A.

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.10.008

Cited by 155 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…18,19 All produced terminal groups during artificial aging act as nucleating agents for new crystals which results in the formation of smaller crystallites and significantly higher crystallization temperatures. 14,15,20 Besides the higher crystallization temperature for the degraded polymer also a narrowing of the crystallization peak can be observed. 20 The polymer itself is more mobile and therefore the crystallization process is faster.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Degradation of photovoltaic backsheets: Comparison of the aging induced changes on module and component level

Knausz

Eder

Voronko

et al. 2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In reliability testing of components for PV modules an always remaining question is about material (in)compatibilities and synergistic effects and thus, how results of singly tested materials correlate with materials aged within PV modules. Testing of single materials would simplify sample preparation, reduce costs and offer more testing options. Therefore the main objective of this study was to compare the aging behavior of single backsheets with that of backsheets incorporated within PV modules. Four different types of backsheets were chosen, all of them comprising of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) core layers, but differing outer protection layers. Test modules using identical components, varying only in the type of backsheet used were produced and damp heat aged (85 C/85% RH 2000 h). The results revealed no influence of the PV module lamination on the thermal characteristics of the polymeric backsheets. Even after DH aging, differences between single and module laminated backsheets were negligible. Degradation effects of PET could be detected for all aged sheets by thermal analysis and were confirmed by tensile tests and rheological measurements. Thus, it can be stated that testing of single PET based backsheets under DH aging conditions is a practicable way to investigate the applicability of a new backsheet.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Degradation of photovoltaic backsheets: Comparison of the aging induced changes on module and component level

Knausz

Eder

Voronko

et al. 2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Among all material recovery methods [4], mechanical recycling represents one of the most successful processes, although during reprocessing, polymers are subjected to the influence of several degrading agents that may modify the structure [5] and consequently change their long-term properties [6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric spectroscopy of recycled polylactide

Badía

Monreal

Juano-Arbona

et al. 2014

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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Abstract:The effects of multiple mechanical recycling on amorphous polylactide (PLA) were simulated by means of five successive injection-grinding cycles. The influence of the induced thermo-mechanical degradation on the dielectric properties of PLA was analysed. The relaxation spectra were studied in terms of the complex dielectric permittivity (ε' and ε'') and the dielectric loss tangent, tg(δ) in the frequency range from 10 -2 to 10 7 Hz over the temperature interval from 0ºC to 140ºC. It was possible to distinguish two relaxations zones, one at low temperatures and high frequencies (β relaxation) and another at higher temperatures and lower frequencies (α relaxation). The individual relaxations were characterised using the Havriliak-Negami model and the effect of conductivity at high temperatures was subtracted. The thermal activation of the β relaxations were explained on an Arrhenius model basis while the α relaxation was modelled using Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann-Hesse (VFTH) equations. The study of the segmental dynamics showed a decrease in the fragility parameters, connected with the decrease of molar mass, along with an increase in the free volume, the higher the number of reprocessing cycles were applied, particularly up to the second reprocessing step.J.D. Badia, L. Monreal, V. Sáenz de Juano-Arbona, A. Ribes-Greus, Dielectric spectroscopy of recycled polylactide, Polymer Degradation and Stability, Volume 107, September 2014, Pages 21-27, ISSN 0141-3910, http://dx

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“…Fig. 9 shows that raw PP effectively showed high extent of degradation with a continuous decrease of melting temperatures, moving the balance of initial high-T crystalline populations towards low-T domains [66][67][68][69][70]. This behaviour also appeared but slightly retarded by the addition of MAH.…”

Section: Durability Of Composites Of Pp Filled With Si Particles Undementioning

confidence: 94%

Novel silicon microparticles to improve sunlight stability of raw polypropylene

Cháfer

Badía

Teruel-Juanes

et al. 2015

European Polymer Journal

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a b s t r a c tOxidation of polyolefins by ultraviolet/visible irradiation is a significant limitation for their use in several technological applications. The use of high-tech additives such as silicon microparticles becomes a compositing strategy that can improve the performance of these materials at long-term service conditions. Silicon particles were added to non-additivated raw polypropylene (PP) prepared by hot melt extrusion and subjected to accelerated sunlight irradiation tests. The stability of thermal properties, mechanical performance and thermal decomposition behaviour of composites was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical-thermal analysis and thermogravimetry. This paper shows the potential of silicon microparticles to protect PP from degradation during both processing and accelerated sunlight irradiation. The addition of polydisperse silicon microparticles to the raw polypropylene preserved the appearance and improved the thermal behaviour, mechanical properties and thermal stability. It was found that silicon particles at 5 wt% provided a suitable protection of raw non-additivated PP against sunlight irradiation.

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The role of crystalline, mobile amorphous and rigid amorphous fractions in the performance of recycled poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET)

Cited by 155 publications

References 70 publications

Degradation of photovoltaic backsheets: Comparison of the aging induced changes on module and component level

Degradation of photovoltaic backsheets: Comparison of the aging induced changes on module and component level

Dielectric spectroscopy of recycled polylactide

Novel silicon microparticles to improve sunlight stability of raw polypropylene

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