The Role of Croton Oil Applications, Associated with a Single Painting of a Carcinogen, in Tumour Induction of the Mouse's Skin

Berenblum, I.; Shubik, Philippe

doi:10.1038/bjc.1947.35

Cited by 277 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…However, the notion that oncogenesis is a multistage process was proposed by Berenblum and Shubik as early as 1948, based on studies showing that tumour cells induced by carcinogen treatment could remain in a latent stage until outgrowth was promoted by subsequent treatment 38 . From 1970 through to the turn of the century, a range of studies including epidemiological analysis of atomic bomb survivors, studies in mice and cell culture models of transformation all provided strong evidence that cancer was a multistage process 39 .…”

Section: Battles Between Competing Models and Research Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA repair, genome stability and cancer: a historical perspective

2015

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The multi-step process of cancer progresses over many years. The prevention of mutations by DNA repair pathways led to an early appreciation of a role for repair in cancer avoidance. However, the broader role for the DNA damage responses (DDR) emerged more slowly. We reflect on how our understanding of the steps leading to cancer unravelled, focusing on the role of the DDR. We consider how our current knowledge can be exploited for cancer therapy.3

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Section: Battles Between Competing Models and Research Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA repair, genome stability and cancer: a historical perspective

2015

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“…skin massage) do not cause papilloma development in initiated skin (Clark-Lewis & Murray, 1978;Marks et al, 1979) the initiation event is generally held to be phenotypically silent (Boutwell, 1974;Boutwell et al, 1982). However, there is evidence that if the gap between initiation and the beginning of promotion is increased from the usual two weeks to 10-40 weeks, the latent period between the commencement of promotion and the appearance of the first papillomas is reduced (Berenblum & Shubik, 1947, Boutwell, 1964Hennings & Boutwell, 1967;Van Duuren et al, 1967Loehrke et al, 1983), and this could indicate that the initiated cells are capable of limited clonal expansion without promoter treatment (see Hennings and Yuspa, 1985).…”

Section: Two-stage Epidermal Tumourigenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Defective responses of transformed keratinocytes to terminal differentiation stimuli. Their role in epidermal tumour promotion by phorbol esters and by deep skin wounding

Parkinson¹

1985

Br J Cancer

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Summary Epidermal tumourigenesis can be achieved in rodents by the application of a single subthreshold dose of a carcinogen (initiation) followed by repeated applications of a tumour promoter such as 12-0-tetradecanoyl phorbol, 13-acetate (TPA). TPA induces terminal differentiation in the majority of epidermal keratinocytes in vitro. However, transformed keratinocytes respond weakly to this terminal differentiation signal, and it is suggested that this property allows initiated cells and their progeny to obtain a selective advantage over their normal counterparts during promotion of papilloma formation by TPA.New data are reviewed which suggest that a putative wound hormone TGF-P has similar differential effects on normal and transformed epithelial cells to those of TPA. It is proposed that the release of TGF-,B from platelets following deep skin wounding may be an explanation as to why wounding is a promoting stimulus but milder forms of epidermal injury are not. Weakly promoting hyperplasiogenic agents are also discussed within the context of a selection theory of tumour promotion.

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“…According to current hypothesis, overt clinical neoplasia develops in cell populations through a sequence of changes that are often disguised as hyperplasia (Berenblum and Shubik, 1947a, 1947band 1949Shubik, 1950;Gallager and Martin, 1969;Foulds, 1975;Jensen et a/., 1976). Berenblum and Shubik (1947a) and Shubik (1950) developed the concept that epithelium converts to hyperplastic epithelium under the influence of an "initiator" factor. Thereupon hyperplastic epithelium either reverts to normal, remains hyperplastic or proceeds towards overt carcinoma, depending on the presence of promoting factors (Berenblum and Shubik, 1947aShubik, , 1947bShubik, and 1949Shubik, 1950;Foulds, 1975).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperplasia of proventricular duct epithelium in broilers

Maas

Venne²

1985

Avian Pathology

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SUMMARYSpontaneous non-leukotic tumours of the proventriculus are regarded as rare neoplasms of the digestive tract in domestic fowl. In a broiler flock, however, a high incidence of hyperplasia of glandular tissue in the proventriculus has been observed. The condition was correlated with a rather high mortality and condemnation rate. Macroscopically the proventriculi appeared swollen and had thickened, firm walls. Microscopically the epithelial cells lining the ducts of the proventricular glands showed a marked hyperplasia, and several ducts were conspicuously convoluted and formed prominent stellate lumina. Neither proliferation of glandular epithelial cells into the surrounding tissue nor metastases to other organs were detected, and the condition was classified as a hyperplasia of the duct epithelium. The aetiology of the hyperplasia and the striking mortality is unknown, although the presence of a toxic factor(s) in the litter of the chicken-house cannot be entirely ruled out. INTRODUCTIONIn domestic fowl spontaneous, non-leukotic tumours of the proventriculus are considered rare neoplasms (Feldman and Olson, 1959). Hence a high incidence of proventricular duct epithelium hyperplasia in broilers maintained under field conditions can be considered unusual. This paper reports on the clinical signs, mortality pattern, gross lesions and histopathology of birds in a flock which showed this proventricular disorder.

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The Role of Croton Oil Applications, Associated with a Single Painting of a Carcinogen, in Tumour Induction of the Mouse's Skin

Cited by 277 publications

References 2 publications

DNA repair, genome stability and cancer: a historical perspective

DNA repair, genome stability and cancer: a historical perspective

Defective responses of transformed keratinocytes to terminal differentiation stimuli. Their role in epidermal tumour promotion by phorbol esters and by deep skin wounding

Hyperplasia of proventricular duct epithelium in broilers

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