The Role of Cotyledons in Flower Initiation of Pharbitis nil at Low Temperatures

Shinozaki, Masateru; Takimoto, Atsushi

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a076362

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…This temporal stress treatment induced flowering, and the subsequent normal growth conditions allowed the induced floral primordia to develop rapidly (Shinozaki and Takimoto, 1982;Swe et al, 1985). Whether or not any external factors have flowerinducing activity can be determined in this way.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of cotyledons is necessary for flowering of P. nil seedlings in response to poor nutrition or low temperature (Shinozaki and Takimoto, 1982;Shinozaki, 1985). This suggests that a flowering stimulus like florigen, which is involved in photoperiodic flowering, is also involved in stress-induced flowering, and that it is produced in cotyledons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The short-day (SD) plant Pharbitis nil (synonym Ipomoea nil) can be induced to flower under long days (LD) when grown under poor-nutrition, low-temperature or high-intensity-light conditions (Shinozaki and Takimoto, 1982;Shinozaki et al, 1988Shinozaki et al, , 1994Hirai et al, 1994). Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity increases when flowering is induced under these growth conditions (Hirai et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salicylic acid and the flowering gene FLOWERING LOCUS T homolog are involved in poor-nutrition stress-induced flowering of Pharbitis nil

Wada

Yamada²,

Shiraya³

et al. 2010

Journal of Plant Physiology

103

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Salicylic acid and the flowering gene FLOWERING LOCUS T homolog are involved in poor-nutrition stress-induced flowering of Pharbitis nil

Wada

Yamada²,

Shiraya³

et al. 2010

Journal of Plant Physiology

103

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“…On the other hand, a short-day (SD) plant such as Pharbitis nil (synonym Ipomoea nil) can be induced to flower under long days (LD) when grown under poor-nutrition, low-temperature or high-intensity light conditions. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The flowering induced by these conditions is accompanied by an increase in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity. 10 Taken together, these facts suggest that the flowering induced by these conditions might be regulated by a common mechanism.…”

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confidence: 99%

Stress-induced flowering

Wada

Takeno

2010

Plant Signaling & Behavior

155

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Many plant species can be induced to flower by responding to stress factors. The short-day plants Pharbitis nil and Perilla frutescens var. crispa flower under long days in response to the stress of poor nutrition or low-intensity light. Grafting experiments using two varieties of P. nil revealed that a transmissible flowering stimulus is involved in stress-induced flowering. The P. nil and P. frutescens plants that were induced to flower by stress reached anthesis, fruited and produced seeds. These seeds germinated, and the progeny of the stressed plants developed normally. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase inhibitors inhibited this stress-induced flowering, and the inhibition was overcome by salicylic acid (SA), suggesting that there is an involvement of SA in stress-induced flowering. PnFT2, a P. nil ortholog of the flowering gene FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) of Arabidopsis thaliana, was expressed when the P. nil plants were induced to flower under poor-nutrition stress conditions, but expression of PnFT1, another ortholog of FT, was not induced, suggesting that PnFT2 is involved in stress-induced flowering.

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“…Flowering in many plant species is regulated by environmental factors, such as night length in photoperiodic flowering and temperature in vernalization. On the other hand, a short‐day (SD) plant, Pharbitis nil (synonym Ipomoea nil ) can be induced to flower under long days (LD) when grown under poor‐nutrition, low‐temperature or high‐intensity light conditions (Hirai et al 1994, Shinozaki and Takimoto 1982, Shinozaki et al 1988, 1994). The flowering induced by these conditions was accompanied by an increase in phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase (PAL) activity (Hirai et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obligatory short-day plant,Perilla frutescensvar.crispacan flower in response to low-intensity light stress under long-day conditions

Wada

Kondo

Takeno

2010

Physiologia Plantarum

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An obligatory short-day plant, Perilla frutescens var. crispa was induced to flower under long-day conditions when grown under low-intensity light (30 micromol m(-2) s(-1)). Plant size was smaller under lower light intensity, indicating that the low-intensity light acted as a stress factor. The phenomenon is categorized as stress-induced flowering. Low-intensity light treatment for 4 weeks induced 100% flowering. The plants responded to low-intensity light immediately after the cotyledons expanded, and the flowering response decreased with increasing plant age. The induced plants produced fertile seeds, and the progeny developed normally. The plants that flowered under low-intensity light had greener leaves. This greening was because of the decrease in anthocyanin content, and there was a negative correlation between the anthocyanin content and percent flowering. Treatment with L-2-aminooxy-3-phenylpropionic acid, an inhibitor of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), did not induce flowering under non-inductive light conditions and inhibited flowering under inductive low-intensity light conditions. The metabolic pathway regulated by PAL may be involved in the flowering induced by low-intensity light.

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The Role of Cotyledons in Flower Initiation of Pharbitis nil at Low Temperatures

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Salicylic acid and the flowering gene FLOWERING LOCUS T homolog are involved in poor-nutrition stress-induced flowering of Pharbitis nil

Salicylic acid and the flowering gene FLOWERING LOCUS T homolog are involved in poor-nutrition stress-induced flowering of Pharbitis nil

Stress-induced flowering

Obligatory short-day plant,Perilla frutescensvar.crispacan flower in response to low-intensity light stress under long-day conditions

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